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- The larger its mass, the shorter its life cycle. A star's mass is determined by the amount of matter that is available in its nebula, the giant cloud of gas and dust from which it was born.
- The Sun is currently amain sequencestar and will remain so for another4-5 billion years. It will then expand and cool to become a red giant, after which it will shrink and heat up again to become a white dwarf.
- When the core Hydrogen is consumed then Helium fusion starts. This fuses Helium into Carbon and Oxygen. In the case of larger stars Carbon fuses into heavier elements until the core is mainly Iron. So most of a star's Hydrogen and Helium persist in similar quantities.
- Stars on themain sequenceare those that are fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores.The radiation and heat from this reaction keep the force of gravity from collapsing the star during this phase of the star's life.
- Solar energy is constantly flowing away from the sun and throughout the solar system. Solar energywarms the Earth, causes wind and weather, and sustains plant and animal life. The energy, heat, and light from the sun flow away in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
- Nuclear Fusion reactions power the Sun and other stars. In a fusion reaction, two light nuclei merge to form a single heavier nucleus.The process releases energy because the total mass of the resulting single nucleus is less than the mass of the two original nuclei.
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