Overview of Immune System
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- RINA
- TINA
- Pathogen
- Danger ALERT!
- Macrophages
- A new pathogen entered our area. Take action !!
- Macrophage
- Antigen presenting cell
- PATHOGEN
- . .
- Have to inform B-CELLS
- . .
- T-CELLS
- Hand it over to us. We will destroy him.
- . .
- T-CELLS
- Rina and Tina were having discussions about their college in a restaurant. Rina is suffering from viral infection. Due to lack of protection, the virus from Rina enters Tina's body through air when she coughs.
- . .
- . .
- Have to kill this
- Cytotoxic T-Cells
- INSIDE RINA:The virus crosses the first line of defense in the mucus membranes via some chemical secretions and enters inside the body. Macrophages recognizes the incoming pathogen.
- Cytokines
- Cytotoxic T-Cells
- Antigens are ingested and partially digested by macrophages. They are then presented to helper T cells by macrophages. This activates the T cells to release hormones that help B cells develop
- PATHOGEN
- Remember this pathogen and get ready if he returns again
- VICTORY
- Sure sir. We will produce Antibodies against him.
- The activation of cytotoxic T cells is dependent on simultaneous interactions between molecules expressed on the surface of the T cell and molecules on the surface of the antigen-presenting cell
- Helper T-Cell
- Cytotoxic T cells can attack target cells that express antigens. Helper T-Cells also help activating more cytotoxic T cells and increasing its efficiency. They then stimulate B cells.
- Helper T-Cell
- Helper T cells activate B cells to produce antibodies that bind to and inactivate antigens. Memory B cells remember the same pathogen for faster antibody production in future infections.
- Helper T-Cell
- B CELLS
- Memory B cell
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