The First Cities 2
Öykü Penceresi Metni
- In the Indian subcontinent, the first cities came into being in the Valley of River Indus. They were the Harappa and Mohenjo Daro. Both are now in Pakistan. They were inhabited about 3500 years ago. Over time, they got buried and were lost and forgotten. In the early twenties, they were discovered and excavated. Later, many more cities were found and all of them appeared to be in the same culture.
- Harappa and Mohenjo Daro are the most important sites. They are thought to be the twin capitals of the civilization.
- The civilization flourished roughly between 2500-1500 BCE, that is about 3500-4500 years ago. at some places, it extended beyond this time period.Most cities were very well planned. The streets cuts each other at right angles. In Mohenjo Daro, the main street was over 800 m long and 100 m wide. Houses were build on the both sides of the street in a planned way. Baked bricks were used to construct buildings.Most cities, including Harappa and Mohenjo Daro, were divided into two parts. One part was build on a raised ground. it is called the Citadel or the acropolis. It had high walls made of bricks, which provided protection during floods. The citadel contained public buildings, religious structures and granaries. The ruler and the ruling class, consisting of rich merchants and priests, probably lived there.The other part, called lower town, was was at a lower height but much bigger in area. It had small buildings and houses of common people.
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