After the roman empire fell, there wa sno strong central goverment. with no standing army or police, socities were plunged into chaos
monarch (King)
Lord or Noble
Feudalism provided some structure to society and offered protection for the masses
Knight
Monarchs owned the land in their territory. To raise an army, and ensure that they could control the area, the monarch would grant fiefs of land to nobles
Serfs (peasants)
A noble is a person who serves the monarch. They can also be called Dukes, Barons, Earls, or whatever. They pay taxes to the monarchs.
Weaknesses of the system
A knight was a highly skilled warrior. They are trained from age 6 in horsemanship and warfare. Knights could also serve the noble directly, getting the right to live on nobles manor instead of land.
Commoners that lived on the manors or the monarchs, nobles, or knights. In exchange for working, they were given small plots of land, some food, and shelter. They can't do anything without the permission of the noble
nobles often challenged monarchs or each other, leading to constant warfare. The strength of a monarch was only as secure as the loyalty of his nobles. Over time fiefs became so small they couldn't support a manor in some cases. These landless knights and nobles contributed to ever more warfare.