Russian Revolution timeline

End of tsar. After the breakup between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks in 1903, the Bolsheviks began to build a secret revolutionary organization based on democratic centralism. The organizational work of the Bolsheviks since 1903 is the corporate preparation for the protracted people's war. The revolution broke out in 1905. With the promotion and active participation of the working class and other oppressed people, the Bolsheviks launched the Moscow Uprising in December 1905. The uprising lasted for nine days and caused riots and uprisings in other regions. The rebellion ultimately failed due to bloody suppression, but it also marked that the Tsar's authoritarian rule could no longer be sustained. In society, the various forms of armed struggle launched by the Bolsheviks have strengthened their influence and accumulated a certain mass foundation for the legitimate and open struggle carried out within the second Duma. Dissolve of the Russian empire In the February Revolution of March 1917, workers and soldiers were the main forces opposing the Tsar, while the Bolsheviks called for overthrowing the Tsarist system and acquiring a democratic republic. After the victory, the workers and soldiers organized their leadership organization - the Soviets and the soldier Soviets took control of the central armed forces in the capital. After the Tsar abdicated on March 2nd of the Russian calendar, the key departments of the state organs were all in the hands of the Soviet Union. Two government, one city- July crisis Two regimes coexist in the capital at the same time. After the February Revolution, there were three main political forces in Russia, the constitutional democracy party, the Soviet, and the Bolshevik Party. On July 4th, a peaceful demonstration was organized by the Bolsheviks, shouting, "All power belongs to the Soviet!" and a large number of Petrograd engineers participated in the protest. However, that afternoon, the interim government carried out a crackdown, declared the capital under martial law, disarmed workers, closed down the Pravda newspaper, and wanted Lenin. This is the famous July crisis . Clean up the mess, it’s time At the end of August, the Supreme Commander of the Russian Army and Tsar General Kornilov launched a counter-revolutionary rebellion. The aim is to eliminate revolutionary forces, dissolve the Soviet Union, establish a reactionary military dictatorship, and prepare to restore the monarchy. The Bolshevik Party is the leading organizer of the struggle against rebellion. The temporary government has been preserved, but its credibility has been severely damaged. Zinoviev and Kamenev leaked all the information about the Bolshevik Party's preparations for the uprising in the communique. They betrayed their organization and comrades at this critical moment of success or failure. Lenin was unafraid, and the uprising would still be held in the Smolny Institute in Petrograd. More than 20000 workers in all factories in Petrograd are fully armed with Red Guards, waiting for the revolutionary military headquarters to issue a signal to start the uprising. Begin!- October revolution The July crisis became the end point of the coexistence of two regimes, with the bourgeoisie raising its bayonet and the peaceful transition channel being closed. Since then, the regime has basically shifted to the hands of the counter revolutionary interim government, and the Soviet has become a weak appendage to it. The possibility of revolutionary and peaceful development no longer exists. On November 6, 1917, Lenin secretly came to the Smolny Institute, the headquarters of the uprising, and personally led the armed uprising. From the night of November 6, 1917 to the morning of November 7, over 200000 revolutionary soldiers and uprising workers quickly occupied various strategic locations in Petrograd. At 1am on the 7th, the uprising forces occupied the Postal Administration. At 2 o'clock, they captured the Baltic Railway Station and Nikolayevsky Railway Station. Subsequently, the lighting circuits of the government building were shut down, and the telephone bureau cut off most of the telephones from the temporary government and the headquarters. Around 6 o'clock, the Red Guards, soldiers, and sailors had already occupied the Palace Bridge. Except for the Palace Square and Isakyevska Square areas, almost all other areas are in the hands of the rebels. Interim Prime Minister Kronsky fled in a car from the US embassy. At 10 o'clock, the Revolutionary Military Commission distributed the "Notice to Russian Citizens" drafted by Lenin, announcing that the interim government had been overthrown and the regime had been transferred to the Soviet Union. However, the interim government still resisted stubbornly, with over 2000 military officers and non commissioned officers continuing to occupy the Winter Palace. From 5pm to 6pm on November 7, 1917, more than 20000 revolutionary soldiers and 9 military vehicles surrounded the Winter Palace. The military revolutionary headquarters issued a ultimatum to the provisional government, ordering it to surrender at 6:20 on November 7, 1917. After 8 o'clock, he was rejected. At 9:45 pm, the cruiser Avril moored on the Neva River fired fire and signaled a general attack. The revolutionary soldiers crossed the barricade with a thunderous sound of 'Ula' and quickly charged towards the Winter Palace. In the stairwells and stairs of the Winter Palace, the revolutionary soldiers and workers' red guards engaged in a fierce battle with non commissioned officers. By 1:50 am on November 8, 1917, all members of the interim government were captured and finally captured. The armed uprising of Petrograd achieved victory, the temporary government of the bourgeoisie was defeated, and the Bolsheviks seized power. The Russian revolution will shift from a strategic stalemate between revolutionary and counter revolutionary forces to a strategic counterattack by revolutionary forces. Prolog of greatness That night, amid the sound of the bombardment of the Winter Palace, the second Soviet Congress of all Russia opened in the Smolny Institute. The Congress adopted the Letter of Appeal to Workers, Soldiers, and Farmers drafted by Lenin, declaring that the provisional government had been overthrown and that all power belonged to the Soviet Union. On November 8, 1917, the General Assembly passed the Peace and Land Acts, drafted by Lenin. The Peace Act and the Land Act stipulate the immediate abolition of landlord land ownership, the nationalization of all land, and the handing over to working farmers for use. Finally, Congress elected and established the world's first Soviet government of workers, peasants, and soldiers - the People's Committee. Lenin, the great mentor of the proletariat, was elected as the Chairman of the People's Committee. The People's Committee comprises various departments that carry out multiple functions of the proletarian state. Stalin was selected as the People's Commissar for Ethnic Affairs, and Trotsky was elected the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs. On the morning of November 9, the conference ended successfully, announcing the establishment of the world's first dictatorship of the proletariat. The October Socialist Revolution in Russia was the first successful socialist revolution in human history, resulting in the birth of the world's first socialist country. Moreover, the victory of the October Revolution dealt a heavy blow to the rule of imperialism, promoted the development of the international socialist movement, and inspired the liberation struggle of the colonial and semi-colonial people. The October Revolution also ended the monopoly of capitalism and laid the foundation for establishing the socialist camp in the future.