Bottleneck Effect

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And that concludes my presentation on Northern and Southern elephant seals. Are there any questions?
Why is it that the Northern Seals get sickness' and disease a lot more than the Southern Seals.
After the population leaves the "bottleneck" it can be very different. If before the population decrease the animals had lots of color variation, but by chance only those with one colour survived, after repopulation only the one colour would remain.
The bottleneck effect is when the population of an animal is drastically lowered, whether that be due to disease, natural disasters, or over-hunting. Much like a lot of a substance being limited to the neck of a bottle.
Well that can be easily explained by something called the bottleneck effect.
Back before the 1980's there used to be tons of Northern seals living but after being mass-hunted by humans their population dropped to as few as 20 seals.
This gives disease and other things an easier time infecting the seals as their dna is similar.
After their population rebounded back to around 30000, their genetic variation was a lot less than before as they shared similar ancestors.
That is overall what the bottleneck effect is and what it can do to a population. Does that answer your question?
Yes thank you very much.

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