1543 AD - Nicolaus Copernicus created and proposed the Heliocentric Theory
We revolve around the Sun like any other planet.
Sun
Earth
1609 - Johannes Kepler created the Planetary Motion
Planets actually moved in ellipses not in circle.
1609 - Galileo Galilei invented the first telescope
He proposed this theory which is saying the Earth and other planets are all rotated around the sun, instead of the Geocentric theory which is saying every other planet rotated around the Earth. Yet this radically new idea was hard for a lot of people to accept.
1666 - Issac Newton created the laws of gravity
He pointed out that orbits aren't perfect circles or spheres and in Planetary Motion he describe how:1. planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun as a focus,2. A planet covers the same area of space in the same amount of time no matter where it is in its orbit, and3. A Planet's orbital period is proportional to the size of its orbit.
It transform the society into more diverse knowledge in space. Space and its theories has led to many technological and scientific advances that have provided benefits to society on Earth.
He used it to proved the heliocentric theory and what Kepler said, also discovered the sun has dark spots, the moon has a rough uneven surface, and the Jupiter's moons, making the Church uneasy.Then, Galileo's telescope caught Jupiter's moons orbiting around Jupiter, while ignoring Earth.
Next: Evolution of Everyone by Darwin's Evolution
He created the laws of gravity, motion and the universal theory because people used to think the earth was in one specific sphere, and he want to proved that was wrong.
Today, we still call the model of solar system in which the planets orbit the sun, a heliocentric or Copernican model. So while Copernicus' model physically placed the sun at the center of the solar system, it also figuratively removed the focus from Earth, making it just another planet. The stories and theories keeps going.
Individuals in a species show variation in physical characteristics. As a consequence those individuals most suited to their environment survive and, given enough time, the species will gradually evolve.