Government officials were the highest social class below the pharaoh. They assisted the pharaoh whenever needed and carried out his or her orders. Most of them came from wealthier families and had a chance of inheriting the higher power under certain circumstances.
Scribes were highly educated people that knew how to write. Very few people could do this so their service was extremely sought after, putting them in a higher social class than artisans and peasants. Their daily life mostly consisted of keeping records of things like crops and wills.
Peasants were in the lowest social class, they were used as slaves, they worked in fields, and in their spare time, they had to help build large monuments usually for the pharaoh. Most of society actually depended on peasants work for crops, if not for them most of Egypt may have starved.