The Filipino naturalist leader Emilio Aguinaldo believed the U.S. was an ally in the Filipino struggle for independence. But, when the U.S. decided to keep the Philipines, he helped organize an insurrection against the U.S. rule, fighting for self-rule.
Emilio Aguinaldo Captured
The Filipinos knew they were going to be outgunned by American troops. They were relying on guerilla warfare. This is a form of nontraditional warfare generally involving small bands of fighters attacking behind enemy lines.
Governor of the Philipines
Governor!?!
The American troops used extraordinary measures. They gathered the civilians into overcrowded concentration camps. General Jacob Smith ordered his soldiers not to take the prisoners but to kill and burn them.
The Jones Act
Finally free!!
In the spring of 1901, Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans, but this did not stop the fighting, only the end of the insurrection. In the end, nearly 5,000 Americans and 200,000 Filipinos died.
Please let me free!
In 1901, William Howard Taft became governor of the Philippines. He tried to do everything he could to help the islands recover from the rebellion and win the support of the Filipinos.
In 1916, Congress passed the Jones Act, pledging the Philippines would eventually gain their independence. 30 years later, the Philippines finally became an independent nation.