In September 1519, Ferdinand Magellan set sail from Spain with 5 ships . 3 years later, only one ship made it back to Spain. Nevertheless, the ship was able to circumnavigate the globe successfully making Magellan the first person in the world to circumnavigate the globe.
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In 1591, Galileo Galilei demonstrated the first idea of gravity. He discovered the principle of inertia and the building stage for a rational view of motion.
In 1637, Rene Descartes published his book (La Géométrie) establishing equivalences between algebraic operations and geometric constructions . He introduced a unit length that served as a reference for all other lengths and for all operations among them.
In 1662, The Royal Society of London was created by King Charles II and served the purpose of recognizing, promoting and supporting the excellence in science; as well as, encouraging the development of science for the benefit of humanity.
In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton introduced the 3 laws of motion in the "Principia Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis" Prior to this discovery, he developed the theories of gravitation in 1666 when he was only 23 years. He discovered the theory from an apple falling on his head when he was sitting under a tree.