The Florida Law only provides lawyers for defendants if it is a capital offense. Since Gideon's case was not a capital offense, he did not get a lawyer. So he had to defend himself and got sentenced to prison for 5 years. He argues that the sixth amendment is the right to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence which he didn't have.
Gideon sent a hand-written petition to the Supreme Court about his argument. The Supreme Court agreed with Gideon and they overturned his conviction.
I believe that the Supreme Court was right and rules correctly. Gideon deserved a right to a lawyer in his trial.