Memory Strategies and Metacognition
Storyboard Text
- Memory Strategies and and Metacognition
- Introduction
- A myriad of students performed poorly academically, both at the secondary and tertiary levels. This failure rate is partially influenced by students' lack of awareness of how information is encoded, stored and retrieved. Metacognition is also a very important variable in the equation of learning and the acquisition of new information . According to Sato (2021) Metacognition allows students to plan, self-monitor, and self-evaluate their learning processes and products; hence, it serves a pivotal role in self-regulated learning. These skills are not mastered by most students and a conscious effort should be made to include these skills in the core curriculum of schools. There are memory strategies and pedagogical techniques designed to increase learning. These techniques will be introduced to Sue whose academic performance is below the school’s standards. Metacognition and the process involved in memory will be thoroughly explained to Sue in order to raise the standard of her performance.
- School is so hard! I think I need to quit. I am tired of these low grades. School is just not my thing.
- The story of Sue academic failure
- Really Sue! Why would you want to quit now? It is only one year to go and high school would be history... no more school for me.
- I am ready to quit any time now! I try to study every night but the information is not sticking. I give up! I need to listen some Afro beat and chill..our parents will be collecting reports tomorrow ! Lord help me!
- Good morning Principal Henry!
- Consultation with Principal
- How are you doing? I hope you are well. I realized your average is way below the expected requirements of the school
- I think she is wasting time... I Know that.
- University of the Commonwealth CaribbeanCognition and the BrainDianne Hamilton - McKenzie20221442
- Sue visiting with her Cognitive Psychologist
- Good day Sue. I hope you are doing well. I am Pamela Jones , your Cognitive Psychologist. I will work with you to assist with finding new skills to improve memory. I have received the referral form from your Guidance Counsellor which indicates that your average is below the standard of the school. According to Mcleod (2023) Cognitive Psychologist scientifically study internal process and behavior.
- Sue visiting with her Cognitive Psychologist
- I have been failing miserably and I devote a lot of time studying. Every evening I revise the concepts taught for the day.
- You might be using the incorrect study methods so will assist you formulating your memory strategies. I will be sharing with you how your memory works and the theories established to support these ideas.
- Sue visiting with her Cognitive Psychologist
- Good Moring Mrs. Jones
- Please feel free to share your challenges.
- What is Memory and Metacognition?
- Memory is the ongoing process of information retention over time ( Harvard university,2023) There are 3 main components of memory: encoding, storing and retrieval. Encoding refers to the process through which information from the environment is learned. Information is usually encoded using four methods: (1) Visual encoding ; (2) acoustic encoding; (3) semantic encoding and (4) tactile encoding, Storage refers to the retention of the encoded information. Information can be stored in short term memory or long term memory.
- while the Behavioral Psychologist studies observable behavior. However, both types of psychology use theories to explain fundamental principles of behavior and cognition.
- What is metacognition? Metacognition refers to one's ability to regulate and control memory in during the acquisition and retrieval of information
- What are some theories of memory?
- What are some of the theories of memory?
- A theory of memory known as the multi-store model was proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968. According to the theory, information can be found in the three different stages of memory.The information is transferred to the other stage of memory, when we rehearse. However, if not much attention is given to the information it may decay.
- What are some theories of memory?
- Fergus Craik and Robert Lockhart proposed the multi-store model in 1972. According to this model, memories do not reside in 3 stores; instead, the strength of a memory depends upon the quality of processing, or rehearsal, of astimulus.
- According to the interference theory, we forget memories because they interfere with our ability to recollect them. Retroactive interference occurs when new information affects memories from the past, while proactive interference occurs when information we already know affects our capacity to remember new information (proactive interference).
- Principles
- There are some basic principles of memory:1. Selectivity2.Mental visualization3.Recitation4.Mental visualization5. Association6.Distributed practice
- 6. Intent to learn- An interest must be created in order for information to be stored7.Association - Deep processing of information occurs when we associate facts with something we are familiar with.Mental visualization involvescreating a mental picture of what you need to recall.
- Recommendations
- 1. Introduce metacognitive skills in the school's curriculum at the various educational levels so that students can develop self regulatory behaviors needed for independent learning.2.Techers can create retrieval- based learning activities to stimulate memory.3. Develop continuous assessments methods to detect early Alzheimer's and put treatment in place to delay the disorders.4.
- Sue, this was a very interactive session. You were an awesome client! What are some recommendations you can suggest in order to improve the field of Cognitive Psychology?
- What can I do to increase my memory capacity by 25% ? I want top up my grades urgently
- Therapy used to improve memory
- Scientists at the University of Birmingham used a therapy, which is non-invasive, could improve short term, or working memory in people by up to 25 per cent ( University of Bermingham ,2022) The treatment is transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM), is administered to the right prefrontal cortex of the brain. The team demonstrated how working memory improved among research participants after several minutes of treatment in their experiment.
- Impact
- I have leant so much about memory and that I need to evaluate how I learn and apply previous knowledge to solve problems -Meta cognition. I think metacognition and memory are a team.
- Understanding how individuals encode, stores and retrieve information can assist cognitive psychologist to treat memory disorders, recovering from brain injury; treating learning disorders, and structuring educational curricula to enhance learning and also improving decision making skills (Cherry,2022)
- Memory strategies and Metacognition
- I want you yo apply these strategies to help with memory.1. Schemas - These are mental framework that assist a person to better organize information.2. Chunking- Organize information in bits that you belter understand and encourages retention
- I can safely say I am thinking about my thinking. I can now evaluate my learning process and set goals to maximize my performance. I think I can now practice sematic processing of information and utilize my retrieval skills. I now have autonomy over my learning.
- Conclusion
- I am elated to see the progress you have made during these therapy sessions.Metacognition is a higher order cognitive process that must be utilized to enhance leaning. Our capacity to encode, store and retrieve information is solidly based on effective use of metacognition.
- 3. Use of mnemonic Device -This the use of mental strategies to organize information. Some types are: acronyms, rhymes, acrostic sentences and narrative chaining.4.Mindfulness: This involves one's willingness to learn information.In order for you to asses your memory you be aware of your strength and weakness, reflect, be aware of your learning styles- Visual, auditory or kinesthetic and also use active listening and reading strategies.
- References
- Harvard University (2023). How memory works.https://bokcenter.harvard.edu/how-memory-worksPsychologyschoolguide.net. (2014). What is the Difference Between Behavioral and Cognitive Psychology? https://www.psychologyschoolguide.net/guides/difference-between-behavioral-psychology-and-cognitive-psychology/.University of Birmingham (2022). Laser therapy effective for improving short term memory problems: Study. Hindustan Times.https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/health/laser-therapy-effective-for-improving-short-term-memory-problems-study-101670047249413.htmlWaude, A. (2016). 10 Influential Memory Theories And Studies In Psychology. Psychologistworld.com. https://www.psychologistworld.com/memory/influential-memory-psychology-studies-experiments.
- The End
- I am so proud of your achievements!
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