The narrative starts when Robert Walton, the ship's captain, becomes trapped in Arctic ice. Captain Walton had been expressing his loneliness in letters to his sister by writing, "But I bitterly want the feeling of a friend" (Shelley 7), stating that he feels lonely. In the distance, he sees a man in bad shape and brings him aboard. The man's name is Victor Frankenstein and after becoming comfortable with Walton, he begins to tell his life story.
Victor Frankenstein grew up in Geneva along with his parents Mr. and Ms. Frankenstein, his brother William, best friend Henry Clerval and cousin Elizabeth whom his parents expected him to marry eventually.
Frankenstein enrols at a renowned university in Ingolstadt, where Shmael Augustus Waldman, a professor, advises him to pursue research and teaches him how to revive dead flesh. Frankenstein neglects his family as he grows preoccupied with his studies. The theme of academic development and the quest for knowledge in a dynamic ever-changing field is introduced through Victor's journey to university.
This is a whole new world, I can do so many things (unrestricted)
Frankenstein creates a monster from ancient body parts found in a cemetery on a rainy night in November. Victor remarks, "I had selected his features as beautiful! Great god!" (Shelley 58). Victor enjoys the sense of success he gets from creating a monster, but he is also concerned about what it could do. He was not scared by the dead corpse, but rather by the creature's resurrection from the dead.
What have I created?
Not long after the creature came to live, Victor was so horrified at what he had created that he ran away in fear. Upon abandonment, Frankenstein (The creature) experiences deep anguish and betrayal. As depicted in the novel he states, "Cursed, cursed creator! Why did I live?" (Shelley, Frankenstein). The theme of isolation and the effects of neglecting one's responsibilities and relationships is introduced by Victor abandoning Frankenstein.
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Am I really that different?
After abandonment, Frankenstein came across a small cottage, where he took refuge. Frankenstein finds a family living in the cottage and begins to observe them. As he reflects, "I felt sensations of a peculiar and overpowering nature: they were a mixture of pain and pleasure, such as I had never before experienced, either from hunger or cold, warmth or food; and I withdrew from the window, unable to bear these emotions" (Frankenstein, Chapter 12). He had later built up enough courage to introduce himself to the family. Frankenstein's observation of the family introduces the theme of empathy and the longing for companionship, as he longs for the love and connection that the family shares.
Then Frankenstein decides to introduce himself to the family, his appearance and demeanour terrified them, causing them to reject him with fear and disdain. As Mary Shelley writes the family started away, unable to endure the aspect of the being. Frankenstein's longings for acceptance and connection are shattered, leaving him isolated and abandoned once again.
Frankenstein begins his journey to Geneva and along the way, he saves a young girl from drowning in a river. This action shows that there is not all evil in Frankenstein and that he has the human capacity to choose right from wrong. When he rescues the girl from the water, the man accompanying her, suspecting him of having attacked her, shoots him in the shoulder. This action changes something inside the creature, and makes him angry for revenge.
When Frankenstein arrives in Geneva he demands a little boy to show him the way around. One of Victor's close family members falls victim to Victor's creation. When Frankenstein murders them, he exclaims, "I grasped his throat to silence him, and in a moment he lay dead at my feet". This act of violence demonstrates the tragic consequences of Frankenstein's creation, and the act of killing introduces the theme of the burden of personal responsibility for one's actions. But who else will fall next to Victor's creation?
Frankenstein finds Victor and confronts him to create a companion for him, stating, "I am alone and miserable; man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself to me. The creature argues that a companion would alleviate his suffering and isolation, assuring Victor, My vices are the children of a forced solitude that I abhor, and my virtues will necessarily arise when I live in communion with an equal" (Shelley, Frankenstein).
Frankenstein watched over Victor as he built his companion. But when Victor finally succeeded in creating a companion for his original creation, he was overcome with remorse and fear at the thought of another creature like his first one. He ultimately destroyed the second creation before it could be brought to life, unable to bear the potential consequences of his actions and the havoc it could wreak upon humanity. This decision plunged him further into guilt and despair, worsning his already fragile mental state.
After Victor disassembled Frankenstein's companion, Frankenstein was consumed by grief and anger. Determined to seek revenge, he began to meticulously study Victor's weaknesses and vulnerabilities, plotting a scheme that would expose him to a devastating fate. As he delves deeper into his dark designs, Frankenstein's obsession grows, and he envisions a plan that will haunt Victor forever. The theme of revenge and the dangerous repercussions of unresolved conflicts is now presented, as Frankenstein seeks to inflict pain on Victor
I'm seeking revenge...
Victor's heart raced as the wedding approached, his mind filled with bittersweet memories of a love lost and a path not taken. Amidst the flurry of preparations, a lingering sadness haunted him, whispering, "It might have been otherwise" (Shelley, Frankenstein). The theme of inner distress is introduced by Victor's pre-wedding concerns as he deals with the weight of his previous actions and their potential to affect his future happiness.
Something so shocking occurred after the wedding that sent Victor into a spiral, and he chased the creature into the Arctic. Back on the boat, he recalls the story to Walton, who is captivated by his story. With a voice filled with despair, Victor declares, "I preferred glory to every enticement that wealth placed in my path". His words reflect the theme of the relentless pursuit of knowledge.
By the end of the novel, a wild meeting between the anguished scientist and his creature occurs in the closing scenes of Frankenstein. As the story approaches its pinnacle, a number of important decisions and discoveries loom in the background, holding suspense and questions about what will happen to these intertwined individuals. What ultimately transpired, who died, and who will be alive to tell the story?