Charles I came to be unpopular because Charles ignored the petition of right which limited his power on cretin things. For example to tax or imprison citizens without cause. He also tried to make it ritual to
Restoration of the Stuart monarchy
The people who were fighting were the people who were on the kings side and the people who were on Parliament's side. Parliament wanted a petition of right which limited the kings power. The king and his people agreed with it at first however didn't continue with it. Parliament proved victories.
Glorious Revolution
What was called Rump Parliament had Charles executed on January 30, 1649. It scared a majority of Europe. After that England was declared a commonwealth, a type of republic.
English Bill of Rights
In the Restoration of the Stuart, Parliament kept the power they had won, and were important in the government. However Charles I son, Charles II pushed his own ideas for Catholicism.
In the Glorious Revolution a group of English nobles invited William of Orange to invade England. James II realized what was happening and after sending soldiers, there was almost no harm done.
The English Bill of Rights helped create a system on the rule of law. It limits the power of monarchs and forces them to make decisions that obey the laws of their state.
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