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- Genes are also chromosomes!
- I'm a fruit fly! I have red eyes (which is common)
- Thomas Hunt Morgan
- but sometimes other fellow fruit flies will have white eyes (mostly found in males). Phenotype.
- Proteins were originally thought to be genetic material.
- I was a medic in WWI.
- Pathogenic is harmful.
- We mice were tested on with a pathogenic strain of bacteria which killed us!
- Streptococcus Pneumonia is a harmless live bacteria-killed that doesn't harm the body.
- Denatured pathogenic bacteria do not kill my fellow mice. We live.
- Heat-Treated, non-pathogenic bacteria kills the mice... transformation- change in phenotype.
- Frederick Griffith
- Transforming Principle-Purified both DNA and proteins separately from streptococcus pneumonia.
- Avery, McCarty & Macleod
- Streptococcus Pneumonia bacteria determine which will transform non-pathogenic
- Injected protein into bacteria- No effectInjected DNA into bacteria- Transformed harmless bacteria into virus bacteria.
- Worked with bacteriophage - Viruses that infect bacteria
- Classic 'Blender Experiment'
- Grew phage viruses in 2 media, radioactively labeled with either 1. 33SS in their proteins a. Radioactive proteins stayed in the supernatantb.Therefor the virus protein do not enter bacteria
- Hershey & Chase
- 2. 32p a. Radioactive DNSb. Therefor DNS did enter the bacteria 3. It confirmed DNA is "Transforming Factor"
- DNA Composition: - Varies from species to species- All 4 bases not in equal quantity-Bases present in the characteristic. Humans:-A = 30.9%-T = 29.4%-G = 19.9%-C = 19.8%Rule:A = TC = G
- Chargaff'Chargaff's Rules'
- Other leading scientist working on questions are down below or up top.
- I am a developed double helix model of DNA.
- Linus Pauling-American who worked at the University of California. Pauling produced the first model of DNA but it was not correct.
- Watson & Crick
- Rosalind Franklin- X-ray crystallographyDied before the noble prize was given so she didn't receive any acknowledgment.
- Maurice Wilkins
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