Haitian Revolution
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- The island of Saint Domingue, or Haiti, thrived as a wealthy French settlement and relied heavily on enslaved labour throughout the 18th century.
- When will our suffering end?
- Race and social class created a profound division in Haitian society leading to intense conflict among the Grand Blancs, Petit Blancs, affranchis, and slaves.
- Keep the plantations!
- Equality for all whites!
- Give us rights!
- Free us!
- On the significant date of August 21 in the year of 1791, Toussaint L'Ouverture, previously enslaved, initiated a massive uprising of enslaved individuals to fight for slave and Haitian freedom. His army instated an independent government against the French, Spanish, and British.
- In 1801, L'Ouverture, after taking control of Haiti, produced the Haitian Constitution, pronouncing all residents to be equal citizens. He carried out reforms by dividing up plantation land. L'Ouverture was later imprisoned in France and died in 1803.
- As governor, I declare all residents of St. Domingue to be equal!
- Jean-Jacques Dessalines, L'Ouverture's successor, arranged the Haitian Declaration of Independence in 1804. The document abolished slavery in Haiti and banned whites from owning land.
- Haiti is ours!
- Haiti became the first Latin American nation-state Haiti successfully liberated itself from European control and achieved self-rule. In terms of leadership, it stands out as the inaugural nation in the Western Hemisphere with black leaders. Additionally, Only in Haiti did a successful slave rebellion lead to permanent liberation, setting it apart from all other countries.
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