The Electron Hotel
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Teaching Atomic Structure - The Electron Hotel
Text z Príbehu
- THE 1ST ENERGY LEVEL
- S ORBITAL
- P ORBITAL
- The 1st energy level is closest to the nucleus. With so little space, there is only room for two electrons. The total electron capacity for this level is 2 electrons.
- D ORBITAL
- The Aufbau Principle explains that electrons fill orbitals of lowest energy first. If electrons occupy rooms of an electron hotel, they have to fill up the rooms in order of increasing energy.
- F ORBITAL
- THE 2ND ENERGY LEVEL
- An s orbital can describe a maximum of 2 electrons in the same way that this room can accommodate two guests.
- In the second energy level, there are two sublevels - another s orbital and the p orbitals. The total electron capacity of the second energy level is 8 electrons.
- Hund's Rule explains that when electrons "occupy" orbitals of equal energy, they don't pair up until they have to. In the hotel analogy, guests would not share bunk beds unless there are no vacant beds.
- THE 3RD ENERGY LEVEL
- A set of p orbitals can describe a maximum of 6 electrons in the same way that this room can accommodate six guests.
- With the 3rd energy level comes a third sublevel - the d orbitals. The d orbitals add another 10 electrons, so the total electron capacity of the third energy level is 18 electrons.
- THE 4TH ENERGY LEVEL
- The f orbitals increase the electron capacity by 14 electrons. The total electron capacity of the 4th energy level is 32 electrons.
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