Peter the hermit had been calling on all Christians to join his fight#160; to free Jerusalem. His preaching#160; inspired thousands to follow. Many farmers left their fields and became apart of the crusade. The crusades were a series of military campaigns to bring christian control over the holy land. The crusades began with high hopes. One goal was to protect Christian pilgrims.
In 1095 Pope Urban the 2 called for a crusade to free the holy land. The pope called for the soldiers of Christ to defend Constantinople and liberate Jerusalem. The people answered with enthusiasm. Their slogan was deus le veult which means God wills it
Deus le veult!
The first crusade left for the holy land. The people were a ragged mob of peasants led by peter the hermit. The army was filled with many untraind woman and men that were not prepared for the journey. Most of the people were killed by the Turks before they could even reach the Holy Land. Most of the people in the 150,000 army died.
The second crusade were always on the defensive side. In 1144 the muslims counter attacked and conquered the northern Edessa. The fall of edessa alarmed europeans so much that the pope called for a second crusade. King louis VII ordered the second crusade. Despite all the power the second crusade failed. There were many reasons for the failure there was a lot of disrespect and cruelty, and they were unable to gain local support.
THe fall of jerusalem provoked the third crusade which began in 1189. Because it was organized by the rulers of england, France and Germany, it was called the Crusade of Kings. Rickard I became leader of this crusade. He won important victories and developed a courteous realationship with saladin. Saladin and richard signed a truce that ended the third crusade.
The Fourth Crusade embarrassed the pope who had launched it. The crusaders never reached the holy land. Instead they tried to fund their campaign by looting christian cities along the route. In 1204 Crusaders stormed Constantinople, the rich byzantine capital. For three days they smashed Christain icons and stole relics and attacke women. The pope became furious.
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