Communism in Russia Lesson Plan - Lenin, Stalin, and Trotsky
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Early Soviet Union Communist Leaders
Leon Trotsky
Joseph Stalin
Vladimir Lenin
How did these three men transform Russia from a monarchy to a communist dictatorship?
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WWI was disastrous for Russia. The German military was too powerful.
AMMO
AMMO
AMMO
Russian soldiers were ill-equipped. Soldiers often shared rifles or lacked ammunition. Frustration with Czar Nicholas II reached a boiling point.
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The German government smuggled Lenin into Russia to further disrupt Russian society.
I will get Russia out of WWI...I will give youPEACE, LAND, and BREAD!
Lenin's arrival in Russia by train had almost mythological status. The German plan worked. Russia ended its involvement in WWI in March of 1918.
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Lenin led the Red Army against the White Army.
The Reds wanted Communism
The Whites wanted the Czar
A bloody civil war between the Reds (The Communists) and the Whites (Czarists and allies) ended with a victory for Lenin and the Bolshevik party.
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Lenin, Stalin, and Trotsky worked to develop the new communist Russia.
With Lenin leading, the three men made progress. Unfortunately, conflicting interpretations of what the ideal communist state should look like led to trouble.
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Lenin died.
Trotsky
Stalin
Intellectual, aloof
Shrewd, paranoid
After suffering a number of strokes, Lenin died in 1924. Two potential successors, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin, had very different characteristics.
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Trotsky to Replace Lenin?
You are not true to the Revolution!
Stalin maneuvered to strip Trotsky of his communist party membership. Fearing for his life, Trotsky fled into exile.
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Stalin sent agents to kill Trotsky in Mexico.
Stalin sent his agents after Trotsky while he was in exile in Mexico. They killed him with an ice pick at the home of artists Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo.
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Stalin's Industrial Plans
SteelProduction
CoalProduction
Stalin's five-year industrial plans produced real results, but put workers under tremendous stress.
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Stalin's Agricultural Plans
These have been family farms for generations!
Collective, state-owned farms replaced privately owned farms. Wealthy peasant landowners resisted and were killed. Wheat production doubled in 10 years!
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Stalin's Purges
GUILTY!
GUILTY!
GUILTY!
GUILTY!
Stalin periodically removed any potential threats to his power. Thousands of loyal communist party members were executed or sent to labor camps during these purges.
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Totalitarian Government
Anti-religious
Secret Police
Government control of business, art, housing...
Indoctrination through education
Totalitarianism
State before person!
Dictatorship
Ideology guides everything
No individual liberties
Stalin's totalitarian government featured total control over all aspects of individuals' lives. Neither Lenin nor Trotsky envisioned this kind of state.