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Now, imagine this is the atom. The rings of the onion serves as the electron orbitals...
Each electron orbit can hold up to 2 electrons. And the last stage or last orbit is called the valence orbit...
...where you can find the valence electrons and identify if it's a Cation or Anion.
Anions are atoms that gain electrons and have negative charge. Nonmetals are classified as an anions because they have more valence electrons that only need a few more electrons to complete the octet rule. Octet rule states the atom needs eight valence electrons to become stable. This will make the atom happy and will not react to other atoms.
Cation are atoms that lost electrons and have positive charge. Metals are usually that are classified as cations because they have fewer valence electrons. On the other hand, Anion is the opposite...
We follow 5 steps in forming ionic bonds. First is to subtract the electronegativity of both atoms given. Next is to write the Lewis Symbol of the given metal and non metal atoms.
The Lewis Symbol for an element consists of the chemical symbol for the element plus a dot for each valence electron.
But Mama, how do ionic bonds form?
What is Lewis Symbol, Msma?

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