The Big Bang
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- 13.7 billion years ago, nothing turned into something. We now call this the big bang. But what was it?
- At 10.4 seconds, the universe begins with a cataclysm that generates space and time, as well as all the matter and energy. For a small fraction of a second, the universe is an infinitely dense, hot fireball. A process called "Inflation" causes a vast expansion of space to be filled with this energy. The inflationary period is stopped only when this energy is transformed into matter and energy as we know it.
- Basic forces become distinct: first gravity, then the strong force, which holds nuclei of atoms together.
- One millionth of a second after the Big Bang, the universe continues to expand.
- After 3 seconds, Protons and neutrons come together to form the nuclei of simple elements.
- As it expands, it becomes less dense and cools
- Particles smash together to create protons and neutrons.
- 10,000 Years: Most of the energy is in the form of radiation. as the universe expands, the waves of radiation are stretched and diluted until today, they make up the faint glow of microwaves which bathe the entire universe.300,000 Years: Energy in matter & energy in radiation is equal. Neutral atoms are formed as electrons link up with hydrogen and helium nuclei. The microwave background radiation hails from this moment, and thus gives us a direct picture of how matter was distributed at this early time.
- At 300 Million years, the birth of stars and galaxies. At 5 Billion years, the birth of the sun!
- 3.8 Billion years BP - Microscopic living cells.700 Million years BP - Primitive animals appear.200 Million years BP - First mammals.170,000 years BP - Homo Sapiens evolve in Africa from a line of creatures that descended from apes.
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