Texans wanted independence from Mexico because they wanted to preserve slavery. The first battle of the Texas Revolution was the Battle of Gonzalez in 1835 followed by many other battles such as the Battle of the Alamo and the Goliad Massacre until the last battle, Battle of San Jacinto where Texas finally gained independence on March 2nd, 1836.
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However, in 1845, Texas joined the United States due to advantages economically. Texas was trying to join the U.S. for many years, but it was a slave state, so the U.S. tried to avoid conflicts with admitting a slave state. The United States also wanted to avoid conflicts with Mexico, so they admitted Texas as the 28th state.
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In 1861, The United States Civil War begun. This was because the southern slave states like Texas were at risk of losing their authority to own slaves. This resulted in the southern United States seceding from the Union and joining the Confederacy, and this includes Texas. However, the Confederacy barely lasted three months before joining the Union and forming the modern United States of America in which Texas acquired a state constitution, which has been edited plenty of times, and Texas has also experienced huge urbanization and massive population growth.