Ecological Succession
Текст Раскадровки
- Lichen
- There are 2 different types of Ecolological succession, Primary succession and Secondary succession, Primary succession begins with a natural disaster such as a volcanic eruption. This is made up of a lot of slow changes that normally takes up to 1,000 years.
- For Primary succession to occur, there can only be rock left, not soil. There are only abiotic factors, but soon biotic organisms known as lichen and moss grow on the rocks, slowly, through weathering, breaking it down into soil. These species are known as pioneer species.
- When the rock has successfully been weathered down to soil, that's when the small producers, including, grasses, bushes, and small trees start to grow in. Later, larger trees start growing in, leading to a climax community.
- Secondary succession occurs when a natural disaster such as a forest fire takes place. Everything is gone but a few biotic organisms and soil. This is a relatively fast change, taking around 100 years to complete.
- Pioneer species such as, small trees, grasses and shrubs start to grow in. Then, primary consumers start to come in to eat the producers.
- Finally, when all the plants grow back, and different consumers come back, the ecosystem has enough communities and populations to reach a good level of biodiversity and sustainability. The forest ecosystem is now a balanced ecosystem in homeostasis.
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