Science - IA - Body Matters!
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- Jaanya is very hungry. She decided to order some food , Her favorite food was pizza so she ordered pizza and started eating as soon as it came! The food begins in the mouth, where she chews to break up the food particles and an enzyme called amylase in saliva begins to break down carbohydrates.
- When the food is in your mouth, It get chewed up by your tongue and teeth. This is called mechanical digestion. Once the food is chewed, It is called the bolus. Next it will pass through the epiglottis, a small flap of tissue, to the pharynx, which takes the food from the mouth to the esophagus. Then the food travels down the esophagus (red colored part). Smooth muscles in the esophagus rhythmically push down food which is a process called peristalsis.
- After traveling down the esophagus, the food enters the stomach (yellow colored part), where it is chemically and mechanically broken down and digested. The food is mechanically digested by muscle contractions. Chemical digestion happens and mixes with stomach acids and liquifies it. For example, pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach. It is now called chyme. Also, an acidic solution is found in the stomach which allows pepsin, an enzyme, to digest proteins.
- After leaving the stomach, the food travels down the small intestine (blue colored part) a long, muscular tube where chemical digestion is completed. This means that the small intestine uses bile and enzymes to break down carbs, proteins, and lipids. It also absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream. The pancreas (orange colored part) aids in digestion by producing enzymes that digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The pancreas also produces hormones to regulate blood sugar.
- After completing digestion in the small intestine, the food goes to the the large intestine (purple colored part).The large intestine absorbs water and has bacteria that aids in further digestion and produce useful nutrients like vitamin K and B. The rest of the indigestible material is moved to the rectum as feces, where it is stored until eliminated through the anus.
- Finally, I am pushed through the rectum and anus, removing me from your body. This is called elimination.
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