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- Влияет ли на скорость и поток мужского мочеиспускания в общественном туалете вторжение в личное пространство?
- Помощник
- Make sure you stand next to the participant!
- Confederate
- 16 Inches
- Subject
- Middlemist designed an experiemnet to test howspeed and flow of men’s urination in a public lavatory was affected by invasions of personal space
- In the study the researchers sent a confederate to stand next to the real participant by placing a confederate next to the subject or removing a urinal by placing a "don't use" sign on it.
- Based on our research we know that an invasion of personal space affects micturition
- Thismeant that the two people in thebathroom (confederate andsubject) would be forced to be approximately 16-18 inches apart
- Ethical Issues
- Justification
- Participants were not fully informed of the observation so could not provide informed consentparticipants were not debriefed after the observation
- To collect the data of time and persistence of micturition, an observer was stationed in a stall. The observer used a periscopic prism imbedded in a stack of books lying on the floor of the toilet stall to view the user's lower torso and made possible a direct visual sightings of the stream of urine
- They found the presence of a researcher extended the time it took to begin urinating.
- The study did face critasisms for being unethical
- Researchers would argue if participants were fully aware of the observation it would lead to unnatural behaviour (demand characteristics)
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