Pharaohs were the focus of Egyptian politics. They were considered gods in a human form. The Egyptian state was unified (with a few interruptions) for 3000 years.
Narmer: The first Pharaoh Unifier of EgyptA living God
Ancient Egyptians were heavily involved in long distance trade in the Mediterranean, Africa, and the Middle East. This resulted in a cultural exchange as well.
Ancient Egypt was a theocracy in which the Pharaohs were god-kings. The religion was polytheistic with a focus on the afterlife.
Anubis is the guide in the afterlife.
Ancient Egypt had a sophisticated social hierarchy. Slaves, craftsmen, merchants, scribes, farmers, soldiers, and government officials were all governed by strict social and legal structures.
Slaves
Soldiers
Sophisticated writing, architecture, and art were all features of Egyptian civilization.
The Nile flooded predictably each year allowing stable agriculture to develop. In addition, Egypt's location made it less vulnerable to external enemies.