Mestopotamia Lillian Whiteley
Montāžas Teksta
- I am the king of Sumer. I live in Mesopotamia which is modern day Iraq, and the two rivers that helped us be successful is the Tigris river and the Euphrates river.
- people in some areas of the world began farming. One of the areas that had good conditions for growing crops was the rolling foothills of the Zagros Mountains in northern Mesopotamia.
- During the spring, rain and melted snow from the mountains flowed into the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, causing them to flood across the plains.
- Sumerian farmers began creating irrigation systems for their fields. They built levees along the sides of the river to prevent flooding.
- Canals became clogged with silt, so farmers had to clean them regularly. One clogged canal could disrupt the entire system.
- they began to create larger communities. Between 3500 and 3000 B.C.E., villages grew into towns.
- As Sumerian cities grew, they fought over the right to use more water. Sometimes, people in cities located upriver (closer to where the river begins), built new canals, or blocked other cities' canals. In this way, they kept water from reaching the cities that were downriver (farther from where the river begins) disputes over water became so intense that they often led to bloodshed.
- To control the water supply, Sumerians built a complex irrigation system. The system crossed village boundaries, so the Sumerians had to cooperate with one another. This led them to live in larger communities—the first city-states.
- These independent city-states often fought with one another. To defend themselves, the Sumerians built walls and dug moats around their cities. By 3000 B.C.E., the solutions to the challenges faced by the Sumerians had transformed Sumerian farming villages into walled city-states.
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