I'm a fruit fly! I have red eyes (which is common)
Thomas Hunt Morgan
but sometimes other fellow fruit flies will have white eyes (mostly found in males). Phenotype.
Proteins were originally thought to be genetic material.
I was a medic in WWI.
Pathogenic is harmful.
We mice were tested on with a pathogenic strain of bacteria which killed us!
Streptococcus Pneumonia is a harmless live bacteria-killed that doesn't harm the body.
Denatured pathogenic bacteria do not kill my fellow mice. We live.
Heat-Treated, non-pathogenic bacteria kills the mice... transformation- change in phenotype.
Frederick Griffith
Transforming Principle-Purified both DNA and proteins separately from streptococcus pneumonia.
Avery, McCarty & Macleod
Streptococcus Pneumonia bacteria determine which will transform non-pathogenic
Injected protein into bacteria- No effectInjected DNA into bacteria- Transformed harmless bacteria into virus bacteria.
Worked with bacteriophage - Viruses that infect bacteria
Classic 'Blender Experiment'
Grew phage viruses in 2 media, radioactively labeled with either 1. 33SS in their proteins a. Radioactive proteins stayed in the supernatantb.Therefor the virus protein do not enter bacteria
Hershey & Chase
2. 32p a. Radioactive DNSb. Therefor DNS did enter the bacteria 3. It confirmed DNA is "Transforming Factor"
DNA Composition: - Varies from species to species- All 4 bases not in equal quantity-Bases present in the characteristic. Humans:-A = 30.9%-T = 29.4%-G = 19.9%-C = 19.8%Rule:A = TC = G
Chargaff'Chargaff's Rules'
Other leading scientist working on questions are down below or up top.
I am a developed double helix model of DNA.
Linus Pauling-American who worked at the University of California. Pauling produced the first model of DNA but it was not correct.
Watson & Crick
Rosalind Franklin- X-ray crystallographyDied before the noble prize was given so she didn't receive any acknowledgment.
Maurice Wilkins
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