The cats are waiting for their owners to come home.
When the garage door opens the cats most likely won't pay any attention to it since it is a neutral stimulus and there is no response.
This would be the unconditioned stimulus since it occurs naturally. The reaction of the cats would be an unconditioned response since they get excited when seeing a person or cat.
Once their owners have arrived, the cats will become happy and greet them.
A few days later...
The cats are waiting for their owners to come home once again.
This would be the neutral stimulus turning into the conditioned stimulus since the neutral stimulus is associated with the unconditioned stimulus. After some time the cats have learned that their owners will enter the home once the garage door opens. This causes the cats to respond and become happy which is their unconditioned response.
Once the garage door opens the cats will get excited since they know that their owners are home.
The neutral response has officially changed to the conditioned stimulus and the cats response, getting excited, has been changed to the conditioned response. The cats will wait anxiously to greet their owners and to receive a treat since they heard the garage door open.
Now whenever the garage door opens, the cats will get excited!
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