Due to better medicine, people stay healthier and are able to live into adult hood which means more people to reproduce, and an increase in population.
Better agriculture is also a contributing factor to an increased population, because it means there is more food to feed the growing populations, and more people can afford to have larger families.
Two reasons for an dramatic increase in energy usage recently, is the increase in commercial flight, and the increase in car ownership. As both plane travel and car ownership have become more normalized in recent years, more people are owning cars and flying places. Both of these things require a lot of energy and so have greatly contributed to the increase in global energy usage.
A third reason for an increased global energy usage, is the use of machines to aid in daily household tasks. In recent years, things like washing machines, dryers, and dishwashers have increased in popularity. These are things that are used with great frequency, and use up a lot of energy.
America is an example of how population does not always directly correlate with energy consumption. This is demonstrated in the fact that America accounts for only 4.2% of the world population, but it accounts for about 17% of global energy usage. This means that America's citizens are using energy much differently than a country where their population is higher than their energy consumption. As demonstrated with bars in the previous panel, everyone's energy usage is different depending on things like your socioeconomic status, and even your beliefs. This means that population is not an indication of a place's energy consumption.
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