Themes, symbols, and motifs are valuable aspects of any literary work, and they add richness to stories. Part of the Common Core ELA standards is to introduce and explain these complex concepts. However, abstract ideas are often difficult for students to analyze without assistance. Using a storyboard, students can visually demonstrate their understanding of these concepts, and master analysis of literary elements. For best practices, see our supplementary article with specific lesson plan steps on setting up your classroom and activities to teach themes, symbols, and motifs.
In the classroom, students can track the rich symbolism Poe uses to send a strong lesson to readers to gain a deeper understanding of the story.
Poe employs irony in many of his works. A specific example in this story is the name "Fortunato", which means the "fortunate one" in Italian. Despite his name, Fortunato's fate is certainly unfortunate.
These events set the scene for many of Poe’s horror stories. In "Cask", the setting of Carnival takes on a double meaning. Typically Carnival is a time of happiness and social gathering. However, it is also a time of disguises and trickery. Montresor uses these motifs to his advantage as he lures Fortunato to his death with a bottle of wine.
Death is a recurring motif that Poe favors in his works and their messages. Poe uses the story of Fortunato’s death to ask the question, "Is revenge always justified?" Notice how Poe never tells the reader what it was that Fortunato did or said, Montresor simply states that he was insulted. This leaves the reader to question justification of Montresors’ actions.
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Student Instructions
Create a storyboard that identifies recurring themes in "Cask of Amontillado". Illustrate instances of each theme and write a short description below each cell.
Opt for literature with distinct and relatable themes. Look for tales, poetry, or writings that have substantial subjects but are not extremely linguistically complicated. Depending on the interests and understanding of the students, teachers can choose interesting pieces.
Before reading the material, introduce important words associated with the theme. Students will gain a better understanding of the themes and concepts as a result. For the retention of this vocabulary, students can make flashcards or use any other exercise that can help them remember.
Beginning with a basic discussion of the theme will help to activate prior knowledge. Inquire of the class whether they have come across such topics in their own languages or cultures. This may aid in bridging their prior understanding with the novel idea.
Relate the theme to actual events or recent news items that the students may be familiar with. The concept may become more relatable and current as a result. These examples can be tailored depending on different language efficiencies of students.
Assign students creative tasks that ask them to explain how they comprehend the theme. Writing articles, producing artwork, writing poems, or even acting out situations associated with the theme are all examples of this.
Retribution, betrayal, irony, duplicity, and the shadowy aspect of human nature are just a few of the themes that are explored in "The Cask of Amontillado" narrative. These themes force the readers to shed some light on the dark side of human nature and think about the justification behind seeking revenge.
In the story, irony is a potent literary device. Dramatic irony is produced by the contrast between Montresor's outward friendliness and his nefarious intentions because the reader is aware of his true intentions while Fortunato is unaware of them. The narrative's suspense is increased and the irony deepens the themes of deceit and betrayal.
"The Cask of Amontillado" highlights the more sinister facets of human nature, such as our penchant for cruelty, deceit, and seeking retribution. Montresor's acts reflect the potential for darkness that lurks inside everyone, showing the lengths to which people can go when driven by their need for vengeance.