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- One of the first residents of Martha's Vineyard, Jonathan Lambert, was a Deaf man who moved to the island with his wife in 1694. Two of his seven children were also Deaf, as a Deaf gene ran in his family. Over time Deafness became common on Martha’s Vineyard, even among people who were not direct descendents of the Lambert family.
- 1694
- The Braidwood family, formerly of Edinburgh, Scotland, operated a school for the Deaf in London as a family business. They did not wish to share their knowledge to train prospective teachers of the Deaf, unless terms could be negotiated to pay the Braidwood family for their methods. Gallaudet did not agree with these terms. He remained in London for 13 months, but gave up on bringing the Braidwood teaching method back to Hartford.
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- 1755
- Abbé Charles Michel de l'Épée of Paris founded the first free school for the Deaf in 1755. He demonstrated that Deaf people could develop communication with themselves and the hearing world through a system of conventional gestures, hand signs, and fingerspelling.
- Mason Fitch Cogswell, Alice Cogswell's father, was neighbors with Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. When she was 9 years old, Alice met Gallaudet. Realizing that Alice was very smart despite her hearing loss and inability to speak, Gallaudet wanted to teach her how to communicate.
- While in England pursuing the Braidwood teaching method, Thomas Gallaudet met Deaf Frenchman Laurent Clerc. Gallaudet invited Clec to travel back to America with him. On the long trip back, Gallaudet taught CLec written English and Clerc taught Gallaudet French Sign Language.
- In 1817, they founded the American School for the Deaf in Hartford Connecticut. This was the first school for the Deaf in America.
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