मुद्रांकित: जातिवाद, आतंकवाद और आप: ऐतिहासिक लोग
Storyboard Descrizione
पूरी किताब में कई प्रभावशाली ऐतिहासिक हस्तियों का उल्लेख किया गया है, जिन पर मुहर लगी है: जातिवाद, आतंकवाद और आप। इस गतिविधि में, छात्र किताब में पढ़ी गई कुछ आकृतियों को नाम दे सकते हैं, एक चरित्र जोड़ सकते हैं जो उनके जैसा दिखता है और अमेरिका में नस्लवाद के इतिहास पर उनके व्यवसाय, उपलब्धियों और प्रभाव (चाहे सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक) के बारे में संक्षेप में लिखें। ।
Testo Storyboard
- गोम्स इनेस डे ज़ुरा
- वर्ष रहने और स्थान: जन्म: 1410, पुर्तगाल निधन: 1474, लिस्बन, पुर्तगाल
- व्यवसाय या समझौते: लेखक जिन्होंने पुर्तगाली उपनिवेशीकरण और अफ्रीकी लोगों की दासता को जीर्ण किया।
- अमेरिका में नस्लवाद के इतिहास पर प्रभाव (सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक): झूठा दावा किया कि अफ्रीकी यूरोपीय लोगों से नीच थे, एक ऐसा विचार जो सदियों से गुलामी की बुरी प्रथा को सही ठहराने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता था
- कपास का मट्ठा
- वर्ष रहने और स्थान: जन्म: 1663 निधन: 1728 बोस्टन, मैसाचुसेट्स
- व्यवसाय या समझौते: मंत्री और विपुल लेखक। प्रसिद्ध प्यूरिटन नेताओं जॉन कॉटन और रिचर्ड माथेर के वंशज ने 11 साल की उम्र में हार्वर्ड में भाग लिया। प्रमुख शुद्धतावादी उपदेशक।
- अमेरिका में नस्लवाद के इतिहास पर प्रभाव (सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक): सलेम चुड़ैल परीक्षण है, जो लक्षित महिलाओं और काले और स्वदेशी लोगों "शैतानी खतरों" के रूप में भड़काना में मदद की। नस्लवादी कानूनों को पारित करने में मदद की।
- थॉमस जेफरसन
- वर्ष रहने और स्थान: उत्पन्न होने वाली: 1743, शादवेल, वीए निधन: 1826, मॉन्टिको, वीए
- व्यवसाय या समझौते: संस्थापक पिता, संयुक्त राज्य के तीसरे राष्ट्रपति, स्वतंत्रता की घोषणा के लेखक।
- प्रभाव : "सभी पुरुषों को समान बनाया जाता है" लेखन के विरोधाभासी और उनके लेखन में दासता की घोषणा करते हुए, जेफरसन ने अपने जीवनकाल में 600 से अधिक दासों का स्वामित्व किया, अपने मजबूर श्रम और मानव तस्करी से मुनाफा कमाया। नस्लवादी मान्यता का पालन करें कि दौड़ के बीच शांतिपूर्ण सह-अस्तित्व संभव नहीं है।
- फिलिप WHEATLEY
- वर्ष रहने और स्थान: जन्म: 1753, पश्चिम अफ्रीका निधन: 1784, बोस्टन, एमए
- व्यवसाय या समझौते: कविता की एक पुस्तक के पहले अफ्रीकी अमेरिकी लेखक। बोस्टन में व्हीटली परिवार द्वारा खरीदे गए एक बच्चे के रूप में किडनैप किया गया, जिसने असामान्य रूप से उसे शिक्षा हासिल करने की अनुमति दी।
- प्रभाव : व्हीटली ने नस्लवादियों और दासों द्वारा आयोजित झूठे सिद्धांत को खारिज कर दिया कि अफ्रीकी लोग सफेद लोगों के लिए बौद्धिक रूप से नीच थे। ग्रेट ब्रिटेन में उनकी सराहना की गई जिन्होंने अपनी उपलब्धियों का इस्तेमाल करके अमेरिका की गुलामी की प्रणाली को बदनाम किया।
- SOJOURNER TRUTH
- Years living and location:Born: 1797, Rifton, NYDied: 1883, Battle Creek, MI
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Truth escaped slavery with her infant daughter in 1826 and became the first Black woman to win a case to free her son in 1828. She became a prominent abolitionist and women's rights activist.
- Impact: Truth fought for abolition, women's suffrage and equal rights for all which she emphasized in one of her most famous speeches called either "I am a Woman" or "Ain't I a Woman" given in 1851. She traveled the country advocating for human rights and even met with President Lincoln in 1864.
- नेट टर्नर
- Years living and location:Born: 1800, Southampton, VA Died: 1831, Courtland, VA
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Turner was an enslaved African American preacher. He led a large 4-day rebellion of enslaved people fighting for freedom which resulted in the deaths of 55 people, mostly white enslavers and their families.
- Impact:The reaction was swift and harsh with Virginia executing Nat Turner and 56 enslaved people thought to be involved. Another 120 Black free and enslaved people were killed regardless of involvement. Virginia passed new laws outlawing assembly and education of enslaved people.
- विलियम लॉयर गैरीसन
- Years living and location:Born: 1805, Newburyport, MADied: 1879, New York, NY
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Prominent white American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer who founded the newspaper the Liberator, which advocated for the abolition of slavery.
- Impact:Founded the American Anti-Slavery Society and worked for most of his life to abolish slavery. Initially advocated for "gradual equality" but later adopted a more progressive and inclusive stance.
- अब्राहम लिंकन
- वर्ष रहने और स्थान: जन्म: 1809, हॉजेनविले, केवाई निधन: 1865, वाशिंगटन, डीसी
- व्यवसाय या समझौते: 1861 में वकील, राजनेता, 1661 अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति, 1865 में उनकी हत्या होने तक और गृह युद्ध के माध्यम से देश का नेतृत्व किया।
- Impact:While Lincoln advocated for abolition and successfully led the Civil War that ended slavery, he held racist beliefs against full equality. Following the Civil War, formally enslaved people faced devastating levels of discrimination and violence.
- हैरी BEECHER स्टोव
- Years living and location:Born: 1811, Litchfield, CT Died: 1896, Harford, CT
- Occupation or Accomplishments:American writer, philanthropist, abolitionist and author of the novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin
- फ्रेडरिक डगलस
- Years living and location:Born: 1818, Maryland Died: 1895, Washington, D.C.
- Occupation or Accomplishments:African American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, statesman. Escaped enslavement to become a national leader in the abolitionist movement.
- बूकर टी। वॉशिंगटन
- Years living and location:Born: 1856, Westlake Corner, VA Died: 1915, Tuskegee, AL
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Freed from slavery after the Civil War at age 9, became a leading African American activist. Founded Tuskegee University in 1881. Educator, author, orator and advisor to presidents.
- आईडीए बी। वेल्स
- Years living and location:Born: 1862, Holly Springs, MSDied: 1931, Chicago, IL
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Investigative journalist, educator, civil rights activist. Fought against sexism, racism and white supremacist terrorism. At the founding of the NAACP
- वेब डीयू बोइस
- Years living and location:Born: 1868, Great Barrington, MADied: 1963, Accra, Ghana
- Impact: Uncle Tom's Cabin contributed to growing anti-slavery sentiments leading to the Civil War. Critics posited that Uncle Tom's humanity and the reader's sympathy for his plight was tied to his Christian beliefs and subservient nature. They argue a person should not be seen as human only when they are religious and meek. "Uncle Tom" is now used as derogatory slang for a Black man who is excessively obedient to white people.
- मार्कस GARVEY
- Years living and location:Born: 1887, Jamaica Died: 1940, London, UK
- Impact:Inspired other enslaved people to escape. His autobiography inspired sympathetic white people to become abolitionists. Counseled Abraham Lincoln to admit African American soldiers in the civil war as well as for Lincoln to reverse his stance and endorse voting rights.
- लैंग्स्टन ह्यूजेस
- Impact:Advocated for African American assimilation into white society. Due to violent white terrorism in the Jim Crow era, began to hold segregationist beliefs for protection while continuing to advocate for equal justice, economic and educational opportunities.
- Years living and location:Born: 1902, Joplin, MO Died: 1967, New York, NY
- लियोनडन बी। जॉनसन
- Impact:As a journalist and writer, fought against racism and lynching by white supremacist terrorist. Spoke nationally and abroad about the horrors of lynching. Fought for women's suffrage founding the National Association of Colored Women's Club.
- Years living and location:Born: 1908 Died: 1973
- Occupation or Accomplishments:African American sociologist, socialist, historian, civil rights activist, author, co-founded the NAACP, pro Pan-Africanism. First African American to earn a PhD from Harvard.
- Impact:Intellectual, civil rights activist who supported assimilation and exceptionalism early on but later advocated for a more inclusive and antiracist approach focusing on Black Pride and the Harlem Renaissance.
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Jamaican activist, journalist, orator, publisher, entrepreneur. Founded the UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association) and African Communities League declaring himself Provisional President of Africa
- Impact:Sought to uplift African descendants worldwide and founded the UNIA which grew to 40 countries and 11 million members. Clashed with Du Bois and the NAACP advocating for repatriating African Americans to Africa. An inspiration for the Black Power movement.
- Impact:Called "poet of the people, for the people. Prolific, activist writer known for intimate, proud and vulnerable portrayals of African American experiences. "A Dream Deferred" ("Harlem") considered one of the most influential poems of the century.
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Leader of the Harlem Renaissance movement, poet, playwright, novelist, social activist, pioneered jazz poetry.
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Politician, Vice President (1961-1963), President after JFK's assassination (1963-1969). Signed the Civil Rights Act, Voting Rights Act, Fair Housing Act
- Impact:Responding to Civil Rights movement, signed progressive reforms meant to combat racial discrimination and poverty. However, known as racist who regularly used racial slurs and worse in private.
- मैल्कम एक्स
- Years living and location:Born: 1925, Omaha, NEDied: 1965, New York, NY
- Accomplishments: Parents were members of Garvey's UNIA. White supremacists burned their home, murdered his father and uncle and after a troubled childhood and jail, converted to Islam, became a minister and outspoken and prominent civil rights activist until his assassination.
- Impact:Inspired many like Angela Davis and Muhammad Ali and the Black Pride movement. Was at odds with MLK at times as X advocated for a more militant approach to end racial injustice famously saying "by any means necessary". Early was a segregationist but later turned towards more inclusive approach. Spoke in support of King in Selma in 1965.
- मार्टिन लूथर किंग जूनियर।
- Years living and location:Born: 1929, Atlanta, GA Died: 1968, Memphis, TN
- Accomplishments: Considered the most prominent civil rights activist, preacher, writer, orator, organized strikes, boycotts, sitt-ins, marches that led to passing of the Civil Rights Act. Fought for racial and economic justice until assassination in 1968
- Impact: Influenced by Gandhi, believed "non-violent resistance is the most potent weapon available to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom." Believed economic justice entwined with racial justice. Continues to inspire freedom-seeking people in America and around the world.
- ऑडर लॉर्ड
- यह हमारे मतभेद नहीं हैं जो हमें विभाजित करते हैं। उन अंतरों को पहचानना, स्वीकार करना और उन्हें मनाने में हमारी अक्षमता है।
- Years living and location:Born: 1934, Harlem, NYDied: 1992, U.S. Virgin Islands
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Writer, poet, librarian, feminist, civil rights activist. Self proclaimed: "Black, lesbian, mother, warrior, poet."
- Impact:Dedicated her life to challenging racism, sexism, homophobia in her writing, speeches, poems that "urge women, Black women specifically, to break through their silence because it is the only way to break through to each other."
- मुहम्मद अली
- Years living and location:Born: 1942, Louisville, KY Died: 2016, Scottsdale, AZ
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Nicknamed: The Greatest, professional boxer and World Heavyweight Champion, Olympic gold medalist, civil rights activist, philanthropist and entertainer
- Impact:Lauded by the Black Power movement. Spoke against racial injustice. Converted to Islam, changing name from Cassius Clay which he called his "slave name" similar to Malcolm X. Protested the Vietnam War draft saying the war was unjust and why should he "drop bombs on Brown people in Vietnam. . . while [Blacks] in Louisville are . . .denied simple human rights.
- एंगेला डेविस
- Years living and location:Born: 1944, Birmingham, AlCurrently lives in California
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Activist, philosopher, scholar, professor, author. Fought racism, sexism, heterosexism, economic oppression.
- Impact:Following the horrific Baptist Church Bombing in her native Birmingham, which Davis felt was sadly not unexpected as the white terrorist violence there was all too familiar, Davis rose to became a prominent leader in movements of civil rights, Black Power, feminism and prison reform.
- बराक ओबामा
- Years living and location:Born: 1961,Honolulu, HI Currently lives in Washington, D.C.
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Lawyer, Illinois State Senator (1997-2004), First African American Illinois U.S. Senator (2005-2008), First African American U.S. President (2009-2017), 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, author, philanthropist.
- Impact:Broke down barriers as the first Black president but also faced racism throughout his campaign and presidency including the false notion that since an African American was finally president, the work to eradicate racism was done. Has inspired millions calling for action to create a more just and equitable society for all.
- मिशैल ओबामा
- Years living and location: Born: 1964, Chicago, ILCurrently lives in Washington, DC
- Occupation or Accomplishments:Attorney, author, first African American U.S. First Lady (2009-2017). Platform included fighting poverty, promoting nutrition and education.
- Impact:Faced racist attacks as First Lady but always rose above the hatred, famously saying, "When they go low, we go high." Advocates anti-racism coupled with action, saying to graduates in Kansas in 2014: "When you encounter folks who...hold prejudices...who think they know all the answers because they've never heard any other viewpoints. It's up to you to help them to see things differently."
- ALICIA GARZA, OPAL TOMETI, और पैतृक ग्राहक
- काली रहता है मामला
- Years living and location:Born: Garza: 1981, Los Angeles, CATometi: 1984, Phoenix, AZCullors: 1984: Los Angeles, CA
- Accomplishments: Co-founders of Black Lives Matter.Garza: Writer, activistTometi: Writer, activistCullors: Artist, activist
- Impact:Following the acquittal of the murderer of unarmed teenager Trayvon Martin in 2013, organized Black Lives Matter to protest miscarriages of justice, police brutality, violence against Black people. The movement is worldwide and inclusive and works to "end state-sanctioned violence, liberate Black people and end white supremacy forever."
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