Cellular Respiration
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- The Three Major Steps in Cellular Respiration are 1. Glycosis 2. Krebs cycle 3. Electron transport
- Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is broken down to produce energy. It produces two molecules of pyruvate, ATP, NADH and water. The process takes place in the cytosol of the cell cytoplasm, in the presence or absence of oxygen. Glycolysis is the primary step of cellular respiration. In the absence of oxygen, the cells take small amounts of ATP through the process of fermentation.
- The Krebs cycle or Citric acid cycle is a series of enzyme catalysed reactions occurring in the mitochondrial matrix, where acetyl-CoA is oxidised to form carbon dioxide and coenzymes are reduced, which generate ATP in the electron transport chain.It is a series of eight-step processes, where the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is oxidised to form two molecules of CO2 and in the process, one ATP is produced. Reduced high energy compounds, NADH and FADH2 are also produced.
- Electron Transport Chain is a series of compounds where it makes use of electrons from electron carrier to develop a chemical gradient. It could be used to power oxidative phosphorylation. The molecules present in the chain comprises enzymes that are protein complex or proteins, peptides and much more.Large amounts of ATP could be produced through a highly efficient method termed oxidative phosphorylation. ATP is a fundamental unit of metabolic process. The electrons are transferred from electron donor to the electron acceptor leading to the production of ATP. It is one of the vital phases in the electron transport chain. Compared to any other part of cellular respiration the large amount of ATP is produced in this phase.
- To summarize: Cellular respiration is a number of different metabolic processes and reactions that happen in cells. Cellular respiration is essential in creating biochemical energy by converting different kinds of nutrients into adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, all the while flushing out waste productDuring cellular respiration, catabolic reactions occur, which is the process wherein large molecules are broken down. As nutrients like fatty acids, aminos, and sugars are broken down into ATP, their molecules release a large amount of biochemical energy. Because the release of energy generates heat, cellular respiration can be classified as an exothermic redox reaction.
- Other metabolic pathways of cellular respiration include oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate (which is when pyruvates are oxidized to acetyl-CoA and CO2), Citric Acid Cycle (also known as the Kreb Cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation, with the latter producing water as a waste product.Cellular respiration starts with glycolysis, which is the process, or, in this case, the metabolic pathway, that converts glucose into pyruvic acid, or pyruvates. During glycolysis, free energy is generated, which is then used to power the production of both ATP and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or NADH.
- By: Sofiah Yzabelle G. SisonGrade 9 Bethel
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