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- To make a sandwich, we will first need all of the ingredients.
- Let's make a chemistry sandwich to help us understand limiting and excess reactants!!
- These ingredients can be compared to reactants in a balanced chemical equation because with all of these, we can successfully create a full sandwich.
- The main ingredients for our sandwich will be 2 buns, 1 meat slice, and 1 cheese slice.
- How many full sandwiches can we make with these ingredients?
- Now say that we have 12 buns, 10 meat slices, and 4 cheese slices.
- We only want full sandwiches, meaning that whatever ingredient we have the least of is how many sandwiches we can make.
- While we have enough buns to make 6 sandwiches, and so on ...
- The same logic can be applied for reactants. Whichever reactant we have the least of is our limiting reactant and any reactant that has spare moles or grams is in excess.
- We have the least cheese slices, with 4, meaning that we can make 4 full sandwiches.
- Another idea is that of theoretical yield which basically is that in an ideal world, we can have as many full reactions and produce as many products as we want. In the real world, problems are likely to come up that cause us to end up with less product than direct math told us that we would have.
- Think of theoretical yield like this: with all of the above ingredients, we think that we can make 4 full sandwiches, which is our theoretical yield. But in real life, if we had one of the cheese slices spoil, we would only be able to make 3 sandwiches, meaning that our actual yield is only 3.
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