Gunpowder is a highly flammable substance that is mainly used to propel projectiles like fireworks or bullets. It is believed to have been created in 9th century China. In an attempt to create an elixir of immortality, Chinese alchemists unintentionally created gunpowder. At that point it had not yet been weaponized and was used for traditional purposes such as fireworks and protection from evil spirits.
By mixing charcoal, potassium nitrate, and sulfur in a certain ratio you can create gunpowder.The charcoal is a fuel source it provides enough energy for the reaction to burn. Potassium nitrate adds additional fuel by feeding the reaction oxygen. Due to the low temperatures of its exothermic reactions, sulfur can decrease the temperature needed for ignition, as well as provide more energy for the reaction. When ignited gunpowder releases high volumes of gas. This gas is what can be weaponized.
The invention of gunpowder has led to the deaths of millions of people over the course of history. Shortly after its creation, the Chinese learned to weaponize gunpowder and in the following centuries, many more weapons were created. These weapons revolutionized warfare by making killing easier and more efficient.