Haiti Revolution
טקסט Storyboard
- Slavery in St. Domingue
- Slave Revolts Begin (1791)
- Great Britain and Spain Join the Fight (1791-1792)
- Louverture and the Spanish
- The British
- The French
- Haiti had accounted for more than 1/3 of the entire atlantic slave trade,and to supply the plantation system, the french imported almost 800,000 Africans to the colony. the conditions of st. domingue were horrible and there was a death rate of 50% for enslaved africans with the average life expectancy for a slave on haiti being 21 years old, and they would torture slaves that resisted commonly. The slaves had been treated brutally by the slave owners, causing most to die from being overworked in the sugar, coffee and indigo plantations
- Louverture Switches Sides (1794)
- Louverture and French agreement.
- Spanish and French agreement.
- On august 22, 1791, the slaves of northern st. domingue had met up to organize and plan a massive rebellion. When the plunged the colony into a civil war, they had quickly taken control of the important northern province of the country. They did this as they heard rumors that the french king had already declared an end to slavery, slaves burned 1,000 plantations and killed hundreds of white as well as mixed-race people, lead by Toussaint Louverture( a former slave).
- Louverture and Conflict from 1799-1802
- In March 1793 the French assembly granted full rights and French citizenship to free blacks and mulattos, and the white planter class objects and further violence erupts. The French send military forces and a new governor to enact these measures.The British align with the white planter class and see the conflict as an opportunity to restore order and gain control of the lucrative colony. The Spanish controlled the other side of the island of Hispaniola and favored disruption in the colony. They sided with Toussaint Louverture’s forces and provided food, supplies, and military support.
- Saint Domingue Gains Independence and is renamed Haiti (1803-1804)
- Independence!
- France had issued a decree freeing all slaves in February, and Louverture turns on the Spanish and fights for the French, now believing in their edict to free slaves and knowing the Spanish did not share the same ideals. The British send more forces to Saint Domingue, though they are defeated, and the forces are plagued by disease and the British lose nearly three of every five men sent to the island. The Spanish exits the conflict in 1795 upon a peace agreement with France. Louverture consolidates control and leadership of the colony.
- British being defeated.
- Louverture wins a battle in the North and now rules all of Saint Domingue. Louverture invades and captures Santo Domingo, and abolishes slavery there and now rules over the entire island. Louverture issues a constitution claiming autonomy from France. Napoleon sends Charles Leclerc to subdue Saint Domingue and capture Louverture, and after two significant generals defect to the French, Louverture agrees to a truce. This was a trick to capture him, he would later die in a French prison cell. France had intended to bring slavery back, so General Jean-Jacques Dessalines defects back to the rebels to fight the French, and Leclerc dies of yellow fever, along with much of his army.
- Napoleon diverts troops from the Louisiana territory to Saint Domingue. By April, Napoleon anticipates failure and agrees to sell the Louisiana territory to the United States. French forces are dealt a final defeat in November.After defeating French forces, Jean Jacques Dessalines declares independence of Saint-Domingue and the creation of the sovereign nation of Haiti
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