Plymouth Violet 2H
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- The third English settlement in America was started by people looking for religious freedom. King James said that everyone in England had to belong to the Church of England. Some people refused or said no. Those people were called the Separates. This group wanted to have a independent Church. The Separates decided to move to a place where they could be free and practice their own religion.
- In September 1620 the Pilgrims sailed from England. They traveled on a ship called the Mayflower. After more than 2 months at sea, they landed on the tip of Cape Cod. Before going on the unknown land they made a plan of government. They wrote down rules to help them live peacefully. Most of the men signed the agreement known as the Mayflower Compact. Then elected governor John Carver. After exploring the area, the Pilgrims decided to sail to the mainland. They called the area Plymouth. Soon they began to build houses.
- The first winter was very hard. The Pilgrims had landed too late in the year to make crops. The climate was cold and harsh. Nearly half of the 102 Pilgrims died of disease and starvation before spring. Only a couple settlers remain healthy enough to help others. In March 1621, a man named Squanto visited the Pilgrims. He was a member of the Patuxet tribe but was living with the Wampanoags. Some years earlier, Squanto had lived in England and could speak english. Squanto stayed with the Pilgrims and taught them how to plant corn, catch fish, and get sweet syrup from maple trees.
- Squanto also told the Pilgrims about the many American Indians who died from disease they caught from french and english fisherman. While Squanto was away in England the members of the Pawtuxet had died from the sickness. Another American Indian that visited was Massasoit. He was sachem or chief of the Wampanoags. Squanto helped arranged the peace treaty between the Massasoit and the Pilgrims. The Wampanoags and the Pilgrims promised not to fight each other. They also agreed to help protect each other when other American Indians tribes attack.
- The Pilgrims corn ripened during the summer. In fall the had a feast to give thanks for the harvest. Massasoit and Wampanoag were at the feast. They brought deer to cook and eat. The Pilgrims had goose, duck, deer, fish, lobster, and wild turkey. The thanksgiving feast lasted 3 days. Today we call the celebration Thanksgiving. 1621 William Bradford was elected governor. He was a governor for over 30 years. In the next few years ships brought more and more settlers to the colony. In time other groups would join to make New England.
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