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- From the early 18th century the Ngāti Pāoa people edged their way into the Hauraki Gulf And as far as north as Mahurangi
- Between 1740 and 1750 Ngāti Whātua-o-Kaipara moved south, invading the isthmus and killing Kiwi Tamaki, paramount chief of Wai-o-Hua. They then took his last pā at Māngere.
- The conquerors secured their dominance of the isthmus by intermarrying with Ngā Oho, descendants of the Wai-o-Hua,
- From 1600 to 1750 the Tāmaki tribes terraced the volcanic cones, building pā (settlements behind protective palisades). Across the isthmus they developed 2000 hectares of kūmara gardens.
- In 1821, wanting to avenge previous defeats by Tamaki tribes, the Ngāpuhi leader Hongi Hika launched a series of attacks on the region. With 2,000 men and 1,000 muskets he stormed two Ngāti Paoa på (fortified settlements), Mauinaina and Mokoia, killing hundreds and enslaving hundreds more. Hika repeated the slaughter at Te Tōtara, the Ngāti Maru fortress near Thames.
- In 1825 Ngāpuhi attacked again. This time the target was Ngāti Whātua. The battle - known as Te Ika-a-ranganui - was fought near Kaiwaka. Although Ngāti Whātua had over 1,000 warriors, the 500-strong invading force was armed with muskets and crushed their old foe. Apihai Te Kawau, chief of the Ngāti Whātua, abandoned the isthmus and took his people into exile.
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