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ENERGY FLOW WITHIN THE CELL

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ENERGY FLOW WITHIN THE CELL
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  • C'mon! I can do this!
  • Meanwhile, cells at work...
  • Fun Fact:ATP is the currency of energy in biological systems. ATP stores energy, while ADP releases energy.
  • Hurry! We need more ATP!
  • Yeah! Let's do it!
  • What is Cellular Respiration?
  • Cellular RespirationGlucose + Oxygen ---> Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATPC6H12O6 + 6 O2 ---> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
  • Cellular respiration is how we derive energy from glucose. It produces the energy necessary to produce ATP.
  • Glucose
  • Fun Fact: ATP powers musclecontractions in your body, which is why when exercising, the making of ATP must start quickly!
  • Energy
  • 1. Glycolysis
  • 6 carbon chainC-C-C-C-C-C
  • Cytoplasm
  • Fun Fact: Glycolysis means the "splitting of sugar."
  • occurs in the cytosol 2 pyruvate decarboxylates and latches onto coenzyme A (CoA) reduces 2 NAD+ to 2 NADHThis forms Acetyl-CoA
  • (2) 3 carbon moleculesC-C-C C-C-C(or 2 pyruvate)
  • 2. Krebs Cycle
  • also known as the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotes and cytoplasm in prokaryotes
  • Process for each Acetyl-CoA entering:Decarboxylates 2 CO2 ---> oxaloacetic acid ---> citric acid3 NAD+ ---> 3 NADH1 FAD ---> 1 FADH2
  • Fun Fact: The Krebs Cycle is aerobic, meaning that it requires oxygen to process.
  • Matrix of mitochondria
  • Electron Carriers
  • Electron carriers are molecules that transport electrons and temporarily store energy.
  • Similar to a bus that allows passengers (electrons) on or off (bind or release electrons), NAD+ and FAD are empty carriers. They are missing two high-energy electrons. Meanwhile, NADH and FADH2 are full carriers that carry two high-energy electrons.
  • FAD
  • NAD+
  • empty to full
  • FADH2
  • NADH
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