Unknown Story
Kuvakäsikirjoitus Teksti
- The Caliphs Unify Arabia
- The Growth of the Muslim Empire
- Ali's Allection to the Caliphate
- Abu Bakr, the first caliph, reuntied tribes using military force after they tried to break away. He also used military to unify Arabia.
- Sunni and Shi'ah
- Caliph Umar took over after Abu Bakr died in 634 and started expanding the Muslim Empire by conquest. Eventually, Muslim territories included Iraq, Persia, North Africa, and the eastern Meditteranean.
- The Battle of Tours
- Ali, Muhammad's cousin, became the fourth caliph. When important Muslims chalanged his rule, civil war broke out. Ali sent soldiers to fight 2 battles where he won 1 and negotiated the other. This caused him to lose followers and was eventually killed by one of his former supporters.
- The Golden Age
- Mu'awiyah, the leader of the Umayyads, became the caliphate after Ali died. Most Muslims, called the Sunnis, accepted this new leader while a small portion of Muslims, called the Shi'ah, believed that only descendants of Muhammad should be allowed to be a caliphate.
- As Muslim armies continued to take over land in Spain, military under the command of Frankisk King Charles Martel pushed the Muslims back into France. This was the farthest Muslims had tried to conquer in Europe.
- In 750 AD the Ummayads were overthrown by the Abbisads. The Abbisads focused on trade, scholarship, and the arts. Because of this, there was a Golden Age for the arts, culture, and learning for the 500 years the Abbisad dynasty ruled.
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