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Süžeeskeem Tekst

  • Mitochondrial Matrix
  • YUM! That's some good food
  • In The Cells
  • In biological processes, ATP is the energy currency. ADP releases energy and ATP stores it.The catabolic pathways that break down energy-rich substances to create ATP are part of cellular respiration.The thousands of reactions that occur during cellular respiration are summarised in the equation below:C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) 6CO 🡪 2(g) + 6H2O(l) +ATP
  • YAY! Now ATP can be made by breaking down the energy-rich compounds that were just consumed
  • 6 carbon SugarC-C-C-C-C-C
  • 1. Glycolysis
  • Glucose
  • Cytoplasm
  • (2) ADP + P
  • (2) NAD+
  • (2) NADH
  • (2) ATP
  • Occurs in CytoplasmUses 2 ATP, creates 4 reduces 2 NAD+ to 2 NADHDoesn't require O2Breakdown of Glucose into 2 Pyruvate Molecules
  • (2) 3 carbon moleculesC-C-C C-C-C(or 2 pyruvate)
  • 2. Pyruvate Oxidation
  • Occurs in the mitochondrial matrixFor 1 Pyruvate has 1C is removedReleases 1 molecule of CO2 Becomes 2C compound1 molecule of NADH is formed (per 1 Pyruvate)Acetyl group attaches to CoA which forms the Acetyl coenzyme A
  • Pyruvate + NAD++ CoA → Acetyl-CoA + NADH + CO2 + H+
  • Pyruvate3 carbon moleculesC-C-C
  • Transport Protein
  • NAD+
  • 
  • CO2
  • Coenzyme A (CoA)
  • NADH + H+
  • Acetyl- CoA
  • FADH2
  • NADH
  • FAD+
  • The Krebs Cycle is requires oxygen to process.
  • NAD+
  • 3. Krebs Cycle
  • 
  • ATP
  • Acetyl CoA
  • CoA
  • CoA
  • NAD+
  • NADH + CO2
  • NAD+
  • Carbon
  • NADH + CO2
  • Occurs in the mitochondrial matrixCoA separates from 2-carbon, forming a 6C molecule.One CO2 is produced when two C are oxidized (2 are created due to two Acytle CoA)NAD+ captures electrons from oxidation, resulting in NADH (1 per CO2)There is a release of 1 ATP and 1 FADH.After 2 cycles:4 CO26 NADH2 FADH2 ATP
  • Electron Transport Carriers
  • All of the electron carriers, as well as NADH and FADH, are utilized here.While transferring electrons through proteins, NADH offers 3 H and FADH gives 2 H+.H+ diffuses into the gap between the inner and outer membranes, forming a gradient.ADP →ATP, electrons are exchanged between proteins.The electron reaches the final acceptor, O2, which forms H2O with the help of H from ATP synthase.Electron carriers are molecules that transfer electrons while also storing energy for a short period of time.
  • (Khan Academy, 2016)
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