Springville Group 21
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- I fear we still have a huge number of people that reject the vaccine
- Springville has had an Outbreak of a new Novel disease, some time has passed and a new Vaccine was rolled out...Around the Academic table colleagues are discussing ...
- Before the Vaccine we had 150 case of the disease a week, and it has escalated to 500 cases now! I wonder if the new vaccine has made a difference?
- Yes Chad! I wonder if we will see some recovery of those numbers with the vaccine?
- What do we know about the vaccine? how many people have had it? why are people not taking it?
- Yes! Once that is covered we should try measure the effectiveness of the vaccine program and understand the burden of disease in our population. And lets not forget we should look at the risk factors associated with infection! There's so much we can study!
- Considering the role out of the vaccine, is it accessable to the people of Springville? Do you think it is preventing disease?
- I think the vaccine is helping fight against the new disease, perhaps I could suggest we do a study, what do you think Edna?
- Yes Chad and Sam, I think we should first look at the coverage of vaccine in Springville, and compare it to the weekly incidence since the roll out
- Team! What Research design are we going to choose? We want to look at the coverage of vaccine and the prevalence of the disease.
- The 4 academic colleagues, Sam, Chad, Edna and Bonnie are excited about their research... but what research design will they use?
- I beg to differ Chad! We want to look at statistics- the quantity of cases, the recoveries and how many are vaccinated. A quantitative approach will answer those questions
- I think we should opt for a qualitative design, because the disease is a mystery, we need to know more about it and peoples perceptions.
- I Agree with you Bonnie! We are working with numbers, the how much . Quantitative approach it is!
- Brainstorming... What type of research design?
- I suggest we do a quantitative observational Cross-sectional study to look at vaccine coverage and disease occurrence!
- I agree Sam, this will allow us to look at the the patients who became ill and what percentage were vaccinated. We could also assess the severity of disease in the vaccinated
- A observational cross-sectional study will give us data on prevalence of the disease and the association between the variables of vaccine and disease!
- Well we are using a cross-sectional study, which is quantitative research that emphasises the pursuit of objective, measurable data. These shape knowledge and truth in the world.
- Thinking about our study? Which worldview will be relevant to assess vaccine coverage and the prevalence of the new disease?
- I propose we adopt a post-positivist worldview! That seems to fit!
- How about a social constructivist world view? wait perhaps post-positivist ... hmm advocacy. Im confused
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- Our ethical considerations should be:-Provide a detailed explanation of the study to participants- Obtain informed consent.-Protect the confidentiality of participants' data - keep data anonymous.- Have our study reviewed by an independent ethics committee. Transparency of our methods and bias.- Provide participants with info about the risks and benefits and allowing them to withdraw from the study at any time. Non-maleficence.-Discuss the potential for discrimination against participants by being sensitive to their concerns and by ensuring that they are treated with respect. Justice.-Report the results of the study honestly and accurately, and they must also address any ethical concerns that arose during the study.
- Edna is the Teams Ethical Expert!
- Setting up aims and objectives
- So whats our aims and objectives of the study?
- People that are vaccinated need to be identified and the number of cases each week determined. These are our objectives!
- Our aim is to determine if the prevalence of the disease has reduced since the role out of vaccines.
- Ok, People exposed to the disease need to be identified, determine risk factors of developing disease by analysing selected variables.
- So what do you think we need to look at determine this?
- Chad, How are we going to select our representative sample from the population?
- Bonnie, Ive been giving this Some thought! we can look at the vaccine registry and Laboratory reports. I heard Edna mention she has done a previous study using lab reports.
- I've just spoken to Chad, he proposed we use the vaccine registry and lab reports to find our sample, but I'm not sure what Data are we going to collect
- Dont worry Bonnie, I've got this, we look at the number vaccinated, each week how many people were diagnosed with the disease, how many of those were vaccinated. additionally we can look at the severity of the disease in thevaccinated and non-vaccinated
- Seems like we will be doing a-lot of data capturing! We will need to look at our demographic data of Springville and many medical records
- The team looks at Statistical measures- Calculate means, standard deviations, and proportions to summarise the data and provide a clear picture of the study population's characteristics. Chi-squared tests are used to compare the proportion of individuals with the disease in the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups.
- After data collection...the team discusses their statistical analysis
- We have looked at disease prevalence, this helps us understand what we need to prepare for the vaccine process.
- NICD published an update that there are 55890 cases over 30 days which is 8.9 % of the population, thats 23.1% of the population a week
- The population size of springville is 625000, we know the rate the disease is spreading. We have the cases per week, now we just need to determine what proportion is vaccinated.
- Results -30% of the population is vaccinated. -Since the role out of vaccinations the prevalence per week of the disease has reduced by 23%.Vaccination shows a decrease in disease occurrence!
- Discussion of results
- Furthermore we can generalise the findings to a larger population and its potential to inform future vaccination strategies in Springville
- What is the strengths of our study?
- Remember our strength should provide description, analysis and interpretation that will allow the readers to assess the studies value.
- The strength of our analysis is that it is based on population level data. which minimises the risk of selection bias
- Data availability and completenessPatient files may not always contain all the required data. Some information might be missing, incomplete or not properly documented. this can reduce reliability of our findings
- We have to note! there are always limitations!
- Data BiasPatient files may suffer from selection bias as they only include data from patients that sought medical attention, this may not represent the population accurately.
- Limitations
- Data qualityThe accuracy and reliability of patient file data can be questionable, as errors and inconsistencies in recording information may occur. its essential to verify the data accuracy before using it for research.
- 30 % are vaccinated this is less than expected, side note we also found some people are vaccine hesitant, perhaps we should look into that
- Although we found that the vaccine has shown a reduction of cases, the proportion of vaccinated is worrying.
- A further study can be to determine if theres a lack of knowledge about vaccines, and why people are hesitant.
- That may show we need to educate the community and bring awareness. we need to go into the community and and mobilise people to vaccinate
- Well done everyone since vaccination we have shown that the number of infections has decreased, indicating that the vaccine is effective in preventing the spread of new infections.
- But we still have a large number of infected people, thats because there is a large number thats not vaccinated. this is a big problem
- Yes Chad, does that mean we have to design a qualitative study to make sense on why people are not vaccinating? I think we in for another study!
- After 2 years it is still concerning that we have not yet reached herd immunity and that there are still so many people that are not vaccinated!
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