Once upon a time during the absolute monarchy of Louis XVIII, he was in debt and didn't want to change. Due to poor harvests in 1788 and 1789, there were food shortages and unemployment. This caused an increase in taxes. There was also an unequal estates system that divided people into 3 separate classes. Another reason for the increase in taxes was Marie Antoinette. She was a problem because she had a big spending problem.
Absolute Monarchy 1789
What makes you better!
Peasants
Hey I booked the court
Next, the 3rd estate formed a National Assembly that drafted a Declaration of Rights that guaranteed liberty and equality. This took place in a nearby tennis court thus the name being Tennis Court Oath. Louis XVIII was intent on using military force to dismiss the National Assembly this was a part of the storming of the Bastille.
National Assembly 1789
Freedom of Speech, press, and religion
YEAH!
After, the Constitution of 1791 established a limited monarchy with an assembly that made laws and approved or rejected war appropriations. During this, a rumor spread that King Louis's royalist supporters got released from prison and led to the September Massacres. After this Louis XVIII and the royal family were arrested and fired for treason. Then the radicals formed a new government called the National Convention.
Constitutional Monarchy 1789-1792
Then the Reign of Terror happened and was by Maximillien Robespierre, he killed his closest allies to prevent any counter-revolution. During this time there was widespread use of the guillotine. By 1795 French citizens got tired of revolutionary extremism and formed a moderate government called the Directory.
The Reign of Terror 1792-95
3,2,1
After, Napoleon was a young general when he seized power in a 17999 coup d'etat and became the 1st Consul of France. The Napoleonic Code made French laws uniform, established lycees, reformed the tax code, built roads, a metric system, and abolished feudalism. His biggest mistake was when he tried conquering Russia and it led to Russia using the scorched-earth policy killing thousands of soldiers. Napoleon was then defeated at Waterloo.
Napoleon & French Empire 1799-1814
How am I alive?
Finally, the Congress of Vienna was when leaders of many nations met to draw up a peace plan for Europe. Metternich had three goals and they were making France stronger, a balance of power, and wanting legitimacy. There was also another alliance created by Mettermich called the Concert of Europe.