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- The Dred Scott Decision happened in 1857. This happened when Dred Scott, a slave, claimed that he became a free man by living in free territory. This case came to the conclusion that black people were not citizens, so they could not sue in federal court. This also concluded that Scott was not a free man because he was slave property. Finally, this case said that the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the MO Compromise were unconstitutional and they violated the 5th Amendment. This played a part in the Civil War because the case angered abolitionists who saw the courts ruling as a way to stop the debate about slavery.
- In the Compromise of 1850, California joined as a free state. Utah and New Mexico went into popular sovereignty, which is the right for the residents to vote for or against slavery. The Texas and New Maxico dispute was resolved because Texas paid $10 million to the West for the loss of land. The sale of slaves was banned in D.C. The Fugitive Slave Act was also put in place, which made people in free states help capture and return escaped slaves. This created problems that would lead to the Civil War because the North wanted to help the slaves, and having that act passed wouldn't allow them to.
- Harpers Ferry happened on October 16th, 1859. This happened when John Brown led a group 21 men in order to seize federal arsenal and distribute weapons to the slaves. This was to begin a slave uprising, to invade the South, and to end slavery. This, however, did not happen. Instead, John Brown was hanged for treason. This played a part in the Civil War because it made the accommodation between the North and the South almost impossible.
- The election of 1860 was an election that Abraham Lincoln won. It was the first time that the republicans had won an election. This stirred up even more problems because Lincoln was opposed to the expansion of slavery, so having him as president would be bad for the South. The South even tried to secede from the Union because they wanted to continue having slaves. This was the last straw for the North and South before war broke out.
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