Dirges
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- Sonata: composition for an instrumental soloist, often with a piano accompaniment, typically in several movements with one or more in sonata form
- Frédéric Chopin composed his dirge in 1839 while living with George Sand in Nohant, France, 160 miles south of Paris.
- Fittingly, Chopin's Funeral March was performed at his own funeral in 1849.
- The initial chord's a repeated B flat for three measures that then accompanied with an alternating B flat and G flat major chords to resemble a funeral bell. Ironically this melody was also utilised for the prior Scherzo movement.
- Napoléon Reber arranged the first orchestrial performance at Chopin's own burial in Paris's Père Lachaise Cemetery in 1849, fittingly just one day before Halloween.
- Later, English conductor Henry Wood arranged two orchestrial performances, the first played at The Proms four times 1895 and 1905. On August 17, 1907, he conducted a new rendition he composed for the recent death of famed violinist Joseph Joachim.
- Eight-nine minutes long and the third movement in Chopin's Sonata #2, Funeral March is performed in B flat minor and 4/4 time with the trio performed in D flat major, however its tempo designation, Lento, wasn't added until after the sonata's 1840 publication.
- Transcribed= arrange a piece of music for a different instrument, voice, or group of these
- Lento=slowly
- Following the repetive B flat, the melody's a strict retrograde of the first movement's theme, Retrograde=
- nocturne= short composition of a romantic or dreamy character suggestive of night, typically for piano
- quaver=note having the time value of an eighth of a whole note or half a quarter note, represented by a large dot with a hooked stem
- Then, in 1933 Edward Elger arranged Marche funèbre for a full orchestra, its first performance at his memorial concert the following year.
- fortissimo: played very loudly.
- played very loudly.
- coda= concluding passage of a piece or movement, typically forming an addition to the basic structure
- Marche funèbre: [ Marsh-shah ]
- monophonic: consisting of a single musical line, without accompaniment.
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