helium
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- Indeed, we shall. The process by which elements are generated within stars by mixing protons and neutrons from the nuclei of lighter elements is known as stellar nucleosynthesis. Every atom in the universe began as hydrogen. Inside stars, fusion converts hydrogen into helium, heat, and radiation. Different kinds of stars produce heavier elements when they die or explode.
- Thanks for meeting me for our report! Since you already read the book, you can be the one to start our report. Shall we practice?
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- In early stars, the simplest type of atom in the universe is a hydrogen atom, which contains a single proton in the nucleus (possibly with some neutrons hanging out, as well) with electrons circling that nucleus. These protons are now believed to have formed when the incredibly high-energy quark-gluon plasma of the very early universe lost enough energy that quarks began bonding together to form protons
- Okay but I think we should elaborate it a bit more. Oh, let's start with this!According to thoughtco.com the theory that stars fuse together the atoms of light elements was first proposed in the 1920s by Einstein's strong backer Arthur Eddington. However, the true credit for evolving it into a cohesive theory goes to Fred Hoyle's work in the aftermath of World War II.
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- The burning of helium to produce heavier elements then continues for about 1 million years. Largely, it is fused into carbon via the triple-alpha process in which three helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) are transformed. The alpha process then combines helium with carbon to produce heavier elements, but only those with an even number of protons.
- Other fusion pathways create the elements with odd numbers of protons. Iron has such a tightly bound nucleus that there isn't further fusion once that point is reached. Without the heat of fusion, the star collapses and explodes in a shockwave. That's all of it!
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