Farming along the Nile in Ancient Egypt
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- Other than the Nile, Egypt is surrounded by tons of sand. The Nile River was a geographic feature that had a huge role on Ancient Egypt. The rich and fertile soil resulting from annual inundations of the Nile river contributed to their success in agriculture.
- Egypt is mostly desert, but its ancient buildings lasted because of the hot, dry climate. The Nile River was vital, giving fertile soil through yearly floods, which made farming successful. Farming was the main part of their economy and essential for daily life.
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- Every summer, the Nile consistently flooded, covering the land. By late fall, the waters receded, leaving behind fertile soil.
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- The ancient Egyptians planted wheat, barley, and flax for making bread and beer. They grew vegetables and fruits like leeks, garlic, melons, and grapes in garden plots, watering them by hand. Grapes were also used to make wine.
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- During the dry season, they used a shadoof to irrigate crops and dug canals from basins to fields to direct water. The water collected during the floods was enough to irrigate crops for the next year and supply outlying farms and villages.
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- Ancient Egyptians used the Nile's winds for travel and trade, relying on trade for their livelihood. They traded crops and livestock for tools, with the economy revolving around gold and wheat trading.
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- The Nile's floods provided water for crops and drinking, but also destroyed crops and had crocodiles. Ancient Egyptians saw the Nile's cycle as life and death.
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